国际奥委会的组织权威:来源基础、危机困境与提升路径  

Organizational Authority of IOC:Foundation,Crisis and Solutions

作　　者：任振朋 王润斌[2] REN Zhenpeng;WANG Runbin(School of P.E.,Sichuan Normal Univ.,Chengdu 610101,China;School of P.E.and Sport Science,Fujian Normal Univ.,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学体育学院,四川成都610101 [2]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2025年第3期14-21,共8页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(23XJC890002)。

摘　　要：领导权威,是国际奥委会作为奥林匹克运动发展和国际体育秩序运行主导者、引领者和推动者的立足之本。从“权力和权威”的概念辨析着手,结合韦伯、丹尼斯·朗、巴尼特等学者关于“权威”的经典论述,认为国际奥委会的组织权威来源于继承古代奥运会独有的传统型权威、顾拜旦超凡魅力的个人权威、坚守奥林匹克自治体系的强制性权威、《奥林匹克宪章》奠定的法理型权威、奥运会和团结基金建立的合格权威和诱导性权威以及宣扬奥林匹克主义树立的道义性权威。然而,国际奥委会的领导权威也面临着个人权威祛魅、法理型权威式弱、强制性权威受限、诱导性权威下滑、道义性权威屡遭质疑等危机困境。对此,国际奥委会可以通过摒弃强人政治团结多元主体、贯彻法治理念弱化“人治”观念、维护和巩固奥林匹克体系自治原则、依照“团结”原则公平公正分配资源、加强国际合作积极参与国际事务等举措,重塑和强化组织权威。Leadership authority is the foundation of the IOC as the leader and promoter of the development of the Olympic movement and the operation of the international sports order.This study begins with a conceptual analysis of power and authority and combines classic discussions on authority by Max Weber,Dennis Hume Wrong,Michael Barnett et al.,to argue that the sources of the IOC’s organizational authority include inherited traditional authority from the ancient Olympic Games,the charismatic personal authority of Pierre de Coubertin,enforced authority based on adherence to the autonomous Olympic system,legal authority established by the Olympic Charter,qualified authority and persuasive authority established by the creation of the Olympic Games and Olympic Solidarity,and moral authority established by advocating Olympicism.However,IOC’s leadership authority is faced with the crisis of demystification of personal authority,weakening of legal authority,limited enforced authority,declining persuasive authority,and repeated questioning of moral authority.To this end,it is proposed that the IOC can regain and strengthen its organizational authority by abandoning strongman politics and unifying diverse stakeholders,promote the rule of law and diminish reliance on rule of man,maintaining and consolidating the principle of autonomy in the Olympic system,distributing resources fairly and justly in accordance with the principle of solidarity,and strengthening international cooperation and actively participating in international affairs.

关 键 词：国际奥委会 体育组织 体育治理 权威 领导 善治 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]