基于混合源面波探测的塔里木河下游地表基质异质性对胡杨林生长的影响机制研究  

Study on the impact mechanism of surface substrate heterogeneity on the growth of Populus euphratica forest in the lower reaches of Tarim River based on mixed source surface wave detection

作　　者：唐塑 刘靖宇 何亮 郭帅 Tang Su;Liu Jingyu;He Liang;Guo Shuai(Urumqi Comprehensive Survey Center on Natural Resources,China Geological Survey,Urumqi 830057,China;Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements,Beijing 100055,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局乌鲁木齐自然资源综合调查中心,乌鲁木齐830057 [2]自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京100055

出　　处：《工程勘察》2025年第4期79-86,共8页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20242035);自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室开放课题(2024KFKT019)资助。

摘　　要：地表基质是制约表层生态系统稳定性的关键因素,胡杨在塔里木河流域抑制荒漠化进程中发挥了重要作用。随着塔里木河下游生态环境严重退化,沙漠化过程加剧,评估地表基质对各自然资源组成单元特别是胡杨等植被的支撑能力意义非凡。本文尝试在新疆荒漠河岸林区使用混合源面波探测技术,通过波速信息分析查明不同地表基质类型区特征、厚度、地下空间展布情况以及其对植被生长的控制机制。研究结果表明:通过在被动源面波探测过程中人为添加噪声的方式,进一步集聚频散能量,可有效识别浅地表薄层异常特征,实现了地表基质分层的精细化测量;解译结果证实区域浅地表4~8m范围内存在黏土层,其在荒漠胡杨林生长过程中发挥阻上隔下的作用,限制胡杨林根系向下生长,同时阻挡深层地下水的向上运移,是影响区域植被空间分布的决定性因素之一。混合源面波探测技术在地表基质调查中的有效运用,将有效促进支撑区域生态保护修复,也为相似工程条件下物探方法的选取提供实践参考。The ground substrate is the key factor restricting the stability of the surface ecosystem,and Populus euphratica plays an important role in inhibiting the process of desertification in the Tarim River Basin.With the serious degradation of the ecological environment in the lower reaches of the Tarim River and the intensification of desertification,it is significant to evaluate the supporting capacity of the ground substrate for various natural resource units,especially for Populus euphratica and other vegetation.In this paper,we tried to use the mixed-source surface wave survey technique in the desert riparian forest area of Xinjiang through the analysis of wave velocity information to find out the characteristics of different ground substrate types,thickness,underground space distribution,and its control mechanism on the growth of surface vegetation.The results show that by adding noise artificially in the process of passive source surface wave survey,the dispersion energy can be further concentrated,the shallow surface thin layer anomaly characteristics can be effectively identified,and the fine measurement of ground substrate stratification can be realized;the interpretation results confirmed the existence of clay layer in the range of 4m to 8m of the shallow surface in the region,which restricted the downward growth of the root system of the Populus euphratica forest,and blocked the upward migration of deep groundwater,which was one of the decisive factors affecting the spatial distribution of vegetation in the region.The effective application of mixed-source surface wave survey technique in ground substrate investigation will effectively promote the ecological protection and restoration of supporting areas and also provide practical reference for the selection of geophysical exploration methods under similar engineering conditions.

关 键 词：被动源面波 混合源面波 线性阵列 地表基质 塔里木河 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P631.325[天文地球—地质学]