木馒头质量标准研究  

Quality Standard of Fici Pumilae Syconium

作　　者：崔田[1] 邓祖磊 田楚慧 马子茜 韩洁 张祖亮 CUI Tian;DENG Zulei;TIAN Chuhui;MA Zixi;HAN Jie;ZHANG Zuliang(Bengbu Institute for Food and Drug Control,Bengbu,Anhui,China 233000;Lu′an Institute for Food and Drug Control,Lu′an,Anhui,China 237006)

机构地区：[1]安徽省蚌埠市食品药品检验中心,安徽蚌埠233000 [2]安徽省六安市食品药品检验中心,安徽六安237006

出　　处：《中国药业》2025年第7期80-84,共5页China Pharmaceuticals

摘　　要：目的建立木馒头药材的质量标准。方法参考2020年版《中国药典(四部)》通则,对木馒头药材粉末进行性状鉴别,显微鉴别,化学反应鉴别,水分、灰分、浸出物检测;采用薄层色谱法对药材进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定药材中绿原酸和芦丁的含量。色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax SB-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%醋酸溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为340 nm,柱温为25℃,进样量为10μL。结果木馒头药材呈梨形或倒卵形,长3.5~5.0 cm,直径2.5~4.0 cm,成熟时表面呈黄棕色至黑褐色;显微形态特征明显,可见花序托表皮细胞、草酸钙方晶、海绵状薄壁细胞、乳汁管、种皮细胞、非腺毛,粉末呈黄棕色;化学反应鉴别出黄酮类化合物;薄层色谱斑点清晰,分离度好。11批药材样品的水分为11.42%~13.47%,总灰分为5.15%~6.28%,浸出物含量为29.16%~33.12%。绿原酸和芦丁质量浓度分别在4.13~82.59μg/mL、0.41~30.99μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9999,n=6);精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD均小于1.0%(n=6);平均加样回收率分别为99.07%和98.13%,RSD分别为1.29%和1.02%(n=6)。11批药材样品中绿原酸和芦丁总含量为0.074%~0.428%。结论所建立的方法操作简单、重复性好、结果准确,可为木馒头药材的质量控制和标准提高提供参考。暂定木馒头药材中水分、总灰分含量分别不得过14.0%和7.0%,热浸法水溶性浸出物含量不得少于25.0%,绿原酸和芦丁总含量不得少于0.10%。Objective To establish the quality standard of Fici Pumilae Syconium.Methods Referring to the general principles of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition,VolumeⅣ),the morphological identification,microscopic identification,chemical reaction identification of Fici Pumilae Syconium were conducted,and the moisture,ash,and extract of Fici Pumilae Syconium were detected.Thin-layer chromatography(TLC)method was used for the qualitative identification of Fici Pumilae Syconium.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was used for the content determination of chlorogenic acid and rutin in Fici Pumilae Syconium,the chromatographic column was Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5µm),the mobile phase was methanol-0.1%acetic acid solution(gradient elution),the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the detection wavelength was 340 nm,the column temperature was 25℃,and the injection volume was 10µL.Results The Fici Pumilae Syconium was pear shaped or inverted oval,3.5-5 cm long,2.5-4 cm in diameter,and its surface was yellowish brown to dark brown when it was ripe.The microscopic morphology features were obvious,including epidermal cells,calcium oxalate crystals,sponge like thin-walled cells,milk ducts,seed-coat cells,non-glandular hairs,and the powder was yellow brown in color.Flavonoids were identified by the chemical reaction.Thin-layer chromatography(TLC)spots showed clear color and good separation.In the 11 batches of samples,the moisture content was in the range of 11.42%-13.47%,the total ash content was in the range of 5.15%-6.28%,and the extract content was in the range of 29.16%-33.12%.The linear ranges of chlorogenic acid and rutin were 4.13-82.59µg/mL and 0.41-30.99µg/mL(r=0.9999,n=6),respectively.The RSDs of precision,stability,and repeatability tests were all lower than 1.0%(n=6).The average recoveries of chlorogenic acid and rutin were 99.07%and 98.13%,with RSDs of 1.29%and 1.02%(n=6),respectively.The total content of chlorogenic acid and rutin in 11 batches of samples was in the range of 0.074%-0.42

关 键 词：木馒头 绿原酸 芦丁 高效液相色谱法 薄层色谱法 性状鉴别 显微鉴别 

分 类 号：R932[医药卫生—生药学] R284.1[医药卫生—药学] R286.0