生物降解地膜覆盖对黄瓜生长发育和光合作用的影响  

Effect of Biodegradable Plastic Film Covering on the Growth,Development,and Photosynthesis of Cucumber

作　　者：史震伟 李帅 易晴 苏娜娜 王健[2] 华秀丽 徐正群 束胜[2] SHI Zhen-wei;LI Shuai;YI Qing(Wuxi Xishan District Agricultural Development Service Center,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214000;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095)

机构地区：[1]无锡市锡山区农业发展服务中心,江苏无锡214000 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [3]无锡市锡山区五稼农庄,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第6期48-51,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省2023年省级农业生态保护与资源利用补助专项资金。

摘　　要：为明确生物降解地膜颜色及厚度对黄瓜生长和生理代谢的影响,以普通白色地膜为对照(CK),研究白色和黑色及2种厚度(0.8丝、1丝)生物降解地膜对设施栽培黄瓜生长、叶绿素、光合作用、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,黑色生物降解地膜可以提高土壤温度,而白色生物降解地膜更容易降解,T4处理比黑色生物降解地膜提前20 d。黑色生物降解地膜处理(T3)显著增加黄瓜茎粗,而生物降解地膜显著降低黄瓜叶片数,与CK相比,分别下降了15.29%、9.71%和6.96%。生物降解地膜T3和T5处理显著增加黄瓜叶片蒸腾速率(T_(r))和水分利用效率(WUE),与CK相比,分别提高了34.75%、31.66%和40.63%、34.38%。加厚地膜和不同颜色及厚度生物降解地膜覆盖对黄瓜叶绿素、净光合速率(P_(n))、可溶性固形物和单果重等无显著影响。表明白色生物降解地膜综合性能优于黑色生物降解地膜,可以替代传统地膜用于设施黄瓜栽培生产。In order to clarify the effects of color and thickness of biodegradable plastic film on the growth and physiological metabolism of cucumber,two colors and two thicknesses(0.8 silk and 1 silk)of biodegradable plastic film were selected to investigate the effects on the growth,chlorophyll,photosynthesis,yield and quality of greenhouse cultivated cucumber.The results showed that compared with CK,black biodegradable film could increase soil temperature,while white biodegradable film was more easily degraded,and T4 treatment was 20 days earlier than black biodegradable film.The black biodegradable film treatment(T3)significantly increased cucumber stem thickness,while the biodegradable film significantly reduced the number of cucumber leaves,which decreased by 15.29%,9.71%,and 6.96%compared to CK,respectively.The treatment with biodegradable film T3 and T5 significantly increased the transpiration rate(T_(r))and water use efficiency(WUE)of cucumber leaves,with an increase of 34.75%,31.66%,40.63%and 34.38%compared to CK,respectively.Thickened plastic film and different colors and thicknesses of biodegradable film cover have no significant effects on cucumber chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),soluble solids,and single fruit weight.The above results indicate that the comprehensive performance of white biodegradable film is better than that of black biodegradable film,and it can replace traditional plastic film for greenhouse cucumber cultivation and production.

关 键 词：生物降解膜 黄瓜 生长 光合作用 降解率 

分 类 号：S627.2[农业科学—园艺学]