雅砻江锦屏大河湾短须裂腹鱼繁殖生物学初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Reproductive Biology of Schizothorax wangchiachii in the Jinping Bend of Yalong River

作　　者：李天才 邓龙君 谢继维 秦云鑫 向航 郭栋梁 LI Tian-cai;DENG Long-jun;XIE Ji-wei(Yalong River Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000;College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 400700;Sichuan Ertan Industrial Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000)

机构地区：[1]雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司,四川成都610000 [2]西南大学水产学院,重庆400700 [3]四川二滩实业发展有限责任公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第6期80-84,88,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFE0102400);雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司自主科研项目(KY2019-23,KY2023-15)。

摘　　要：为掌握雅砻江锦屏大河湾短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)群体繁殖生物学特性,2019年10—11月,使用地笼、粘网和刺网捕捞了10^(3)尾短须裂腹鱼样本,以鳞片为年龄鉴定材料,并展开雌雄性比、卵巢发育与成熟度、繁殖力等研究。结果表明,雅砻江锦屏大河湾短须裂腹鱼群体年龄范围为0.5~6.5龄,总体雌雄性比为1.33,性腺为I~IV期。0.5~2.5龄个体性腺基本未发育;3.5龄个体可分辨雌雄,部分4.0龄雌鱼已开始性成熟;5.5龄及以上雌鱼卵巢均已发育至III期或IV期。IV期卵巢平均卵径为(2.44±0.21)mm。短须裂腹鱼卵巢成熟度随年龄呈升高趋势,范围为0.8%~5.5%,均值为(3.6±1.9)%;绝对怀卵量随年龄增加而迅速增多,范围为9.1×10^(3)~15.0×10^(3)粒,均值为(12.5±4.0)×10^(3)粒;相对怀卵量随年龄增加而少量增多,范围为9.4~10.5粒/g,均值为(9.8±3.0)粒/g。综合分析,短须裂腹鱼繁殖为成体大、相对繁殖力低、卵粒大的策略。In order to understand the reproductive biology characteristics of the Schizothorax wangchiachii population in Jinping Bend of Yalong River,from October to November 2019,10^(3)samples of Schizothorax wangchiachii were experimentally caught using ground cages,sticky nets,and gill nets.Scales were used as age identification materials,and studies were conducted on male female ratio,ovarian development and maturity,and reproductive capacity.The results showed that the age range of the short bearded split belly fish population in Jinping Dahe Bay,Yalong River was 0.5-6.5 years old,with an overall sex ratio of 1.33 and gonads in stages I-IV.Individuals aged 0.5-2.5 have basically undeveloped gonads;at the age of 3.5,males and females can be distinguished.Some 4.0-year-old females have already begun sexual maturity;the ovaries of female fish aged 5.5 and above have developed to stage III or IV.The average diameter of stage IV ovaries is(2.44±0.21)mm.The ovarian maturity of the short bearded split belly fish shows an increasing trend with age,ranging from 0.8%to 5.5%,with a mean of(3.6±1.9)%;the absolute number of fertilized eggs increases rapidly with age,ranging from 9.1×10^(3)to 15.0×10^(3)eggs,with an average of(12.5±4.0)×10^(3)eggs;the relative number of fertilized eggs increases slightly with age,ranging from 9.4 to 10.5 eggs per gram,with an average of(9.8±3.0)eggs per gram.Based on comprehensive analysis,the breeding strategy of short bearded split belly fish is characterized by large adult size,relatively low reproductive capacity,and large egg size.

关 键 词：繁殖生物学 卵巢发育 短须裂腹鱼 雅砻江锦屏大河湾 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]