武汉市中山公园植物群落调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Plant Communities in Zhongshan Park,Wuhan City

作　　者：谭淑娟 刘美玲 刘淑超 李苗 吴晞 史红文 TAN Shu-juan;LIU Mei-ling;LIU Shu-chao(Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture,Wuhan,Hubei 430081)

机构地区：[1]武汉市园林科学研究院,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉市中山公园管理处,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第6期98-101,106,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为了更好地发挥城市公园绿地中植物群落的景观和生态功能,从物种组成、群落外貌特征、物种来源、群落植被类型及群落垂直结构等方面对武汉市中山公园植物群落进行了调查分析,结果显示:公园内共有维管植物68科123属179种,共记录到木本植物(不包含灌木绿篱、色块)4981株,常绿植物和落叶植物数量比为7∶10,乡土木本植物指数为0.52,杉科植物数量最多。植物群落植被类型数量最多的是常绿落叶阔叶混交林,针阔混交林和常绿阔叶林次之,最少的是草坪。群落垂直结构是以乔灌草结构为主导的复层群落结构。中山公园植物群落符合拟自然植物群落的发展趋势,群落的景观和生态效果总体良好,但需进一步丰富植物种类,减少重复密植的种植方式,同时增加乡土植物的应用,发挥本地群落优势,并优化群落结构,发掘公园文化底蕴,培育植物景观特色。In order to better exert the landscape and ecological functions of plant communities in urban parks,the plant community in Zhongshan Park of Wuhan was investigated and analyzed from the aspects of species composition,community appearance characteristics,species source,community vegetation type and community vertical structure.The results showed that there were 179 species of vascular plants in 123 genera and 68 families,and a total of 4981 woody plants(excluding shrub hedges and color blocks)were recorded in the park,with a ratio of 7∶10 to evergreen and deciduous plants,and a native woody plant index of 0.52.The number of Taxodiaceae plants is the largest.The largest number of vegetation types in the plant community was the evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest,followed by the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest,and the least was the lawn.The vertical structure of the community was dominated by the structure of trees,shrubs and grass.The plant community in Zhongshan Park conforms to the development trend of quasi-natural plant community,and the landscape and ecological effects of the community are generally good.However,it is necessary to further enrich plant species,reduce the planting method of repeated dense planting,increase the application of native plants,take advantage of the local community,optimize community structure,explore the cultural heritage of the park and cultivate the characteristics of the plant landscape.

关 键 词：中山公园 公园绿地 植物群落 群落结构 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]