番茄青枯病拮抗菌的筛选鉴定及其复配能力研究  

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Tomato Bacterial Wilt and Its Compounding Ability

作　　者：谭泽宝 桓宝林 肖琴 黄文静 罗坤[1] TAN Ze-bao;HUAN Bao-lin;XIAO Qin(College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第6期133-138,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出具有广谱抗性的生防细菌,并找到彼此间无抗性且提高番茄青枯病防效的复配菌株。[方法]使用抑菌圈法、琼脂扩散法从湖南长沙青枯病发病田的健康番茄植株茎基部筛选出对青枯雷尔氏菌具有拮抗能力的菌株,通过形态学观察、16S rRNA基因测序、系统发育分析确定其分类地位;以胞外产酶能力测定和抑菌谱测定探究生防菌株的更多功能。[结果]从筛选出的16株具有拮抗能力的菌株中确定了2株生防细菌具有高效的拮抗能力且在复配能力探究中表现出无相异性,筛选到的TB-5被初步鉴定为莫海威芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mojavensis),其对番茄青枯病的抑菌圈大小为21.7 mm;筛选到的XL-7被初步鉴定为暹罗芽孢杆菌(Bacillus siamensis),其对番茄青枯病的抑菌圈大小为23.6 mm;菌株TB-5和XL-7均具有不同程度地产蛋白酶和铁载体能力;且在抑菌圈试验中均表现出对疫霉病菌、辣椒白绢病菌、烟草赤星病菌、白菜黑斑病菌、辣椒炭疽病菌和柑橘沙皮病菌有抗性;并在两菌株复配后将发酵液的抑菌圈直径扩大为27.0 mm,发酵上清液的抑菌圈直径也达24.5 mm。[结论]通过对菌株TB-5、XL-7的胞外产酶能力以及抑菌谱测定包括复配能力探究,大大加强了传统的单一生防菌防效不稳定的问题,更具有生防潜力。[Objective]To screen out the biocontrol bacteria with broad spectrum resistance,and find the hybrid strains that have no resistance to each other and amplify the control effect of tomato bacterial wilt.[Method]Strains with antagonistic ability to Rella soleculosa were selected from the stem base of healthy tomato plants in Changsha,Hunan Province by using inhibition zone method and AGAR diffusion method,and their classification status was determined by morphological observation,16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.More functions of biocontrol strains were explored by the determination of extracellular enzyme production capacity and bacteriostatic spectrum.[Result]From the 16 strains with antagonistic ability,two strains of biocontrol bacteria were identified as having high antagonistic ability and showed no difference in combination ability.The screened TB-5 was preliminatively identified as Bacillus mojavensis,and its inhibitory zone size against tomato bacterial wilt was 21.7 mm.XL-7 was identified as Bacillus siamensis,and its inhibitory zone size against tomato bacterial wilt was 23.6 mm.Strains TB-5 and XL-7 had different ability to produce protease and ferriferous carrier.They showed resistance to Phytophthora,Sclerotium rolfsii,Alternaria alternata,cabbage black spot,Colletotrichum capsici and Sarcophora citri.After the combination of the two strains,the diameter of the inhibition zone of the fermentation liquid was enlarged to 27.0 mm,and the diameter of the inhibition zone of the fermentation supernatant reached 24.5 mm.[Conclusion]Through the investigation of the extracellular enzyme production ability and antibacterial spectrum determination including the combination ability of strains TB-5 and XL-7,the problem of unstable control effect of traditional single biocontrol bacteria has been greatly strengthened,and the potential of biocontrol has been increased.

关 键 词：番茄青枯病 拮抗细菌 复配 产酶能力 抑菌谱 

分 类 号：S436.412.15[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]