氮肥运筹对保大麦25号农艺性状与产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Baodamai 25

作　　者：赵加涛[1] 郭勉艳 刘猛道[1] 付正波[1] ZHAO Jia-tao;GUO Mian-yan;LIU Meng-dao(Baoshan Institution of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000;Tengchong No.1 Vocational Senior High School,Tengchong,Yunnan 679100)

机构地区：[1]保山市农业科学研究所,云南保山678000 [2]腾冲市第一职业高级中学,云南腾冲679100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第6期154-156,160,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家大麦青稞产业技术体系“保山综合试验站”项目(CARS-05);云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(202105AD160044)。

摘　　要：为了探索保大麦25号氮肥最佳施用时期以及每个时期最佳施用量,在总施肥量不变的前提下,以氮肥作底肥和分蘖肥为试验因素,设9个处理,分析氮肥作种肥和分蘖肥不同运筹方式对保大麦25号主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,播种后立即漫灌出苗水,种肥施氮量占总施氮量的70%以下时,有效穗随着种肥施氮量的增加而增加;穗实粒数随着分蘖肥施氮量的增加而增加至施氮量占70%达最大值后开始下降;分蘖肥施氮量占50%及以上时,千粒重显著增加。种肥占施氮总量的20%~50%、分蘖肥占50%~80%施氮法比氮肥一次性作种肥增产显著,比氮肥一次性作分蘖肥增产,但不显著;保大麦25号氮肥运筹施用量为种肥施尿素105.0~262.5 kg/hm^(2),分蘖盛期施尿素262.5~420.0 kg/hm^(2)。In order to explore the best application period of nitrogen fertilizer and the best application amount of nitrogen fertilizer in each period of'Baodamai 25,under the premise of constant total fertilizer application,nitrogen fertilizer was used as base fertilizer and tillering fertilizer as experimental factors,and 9 treatments were set up to analyze the effects of different operation methods of nitrogen fertilizer as seed fertilizer and tillering fertilizer on the main agronomic traits and yield of Baodamai 25.The results showed that the effective panicles increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate of seed fertilizer when the nitrogen application rate of seed fertilizer accounted for less than 70%of the total nitrogen application rate.The number of filled grains per panicle increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate of tillering fertilizer until the nitrogen application rate accounted for 70%reached the maximum value and then began to decrease.When the nitrogen application rate of tillering fertilizer accounted for 50%or more,the 1000-grain weight increased significantly.The yield of 20%-50%seed fertilizer and 50%-80%tillering fertilizer was significantly higher than that of one-time nitrogen fertilizer as seed fertilizer,but not significantly higher than that of one-time nitrogen fertilizer as tillering fertilizer.The nitrogen application rate of Baodamai 25 was 105.0-262.5 kg/hm^(2)for seed fertilizer and 262.5-420.0 kg/hm^(2)for tillering stage.

关 键 词：大麦 氮肥运筹 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]