厨余堆肥用于改良砂石系统泥饼成土及绿豆种植试验  

Utilizing food waste compost to improve sand and gravel system mud cake into soil and mung bean planting trial

作　　者：徐璟尧 杨再福[1] 阚思蒙 XU Jingyao;YANG Zaifu;KAN Simeng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai,China;Huadian Jinshajiang Upstream Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 [2]华电金沙江上游水电开发有限公司,四川成都

出　　处：《东华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期181-189,共9页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：中国华电集团有限公司资助项目(JS-BT-FW/QT-006)。

摘　　要：水电工程项目产生了大量砂石系统泥饼和厨余垃圾,为实现资源化利用进行改良成土试验,设置5个厨余垃圾堆肥产物添加量,即0(CK)、1%(T1)、2%(T2)、4%(T3)、7%(T4),研究90 d内泥饼理化性质、养分和酶活性的变化以及成土后绿豆生长状况。结果表明:泥饼pH值趋向中性,电导率和总孔隙度升高而容重降低,4%(T3)厨余堆肥添加量时均能满足要求;同时,蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性升高,4%(T3)厨余堆肥添加量对泥饼酶活性促进作用较好;泥饼中的有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量增加,当厨余堆肥质量分数为4%(T3)和7%(T4)时,均达到土地质量地球化学评价规范(DZ/T 0295-2016)中的三级(适中)和二级(丰)标准;4%(T3)厨余堆肥的添加显著改善了绿豆的长势和叶片品质,绿豆发芽速度、株高、总鲜重、叶片叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和维生素C提升效果显著。综上所述,厨余堆肥可通过改善理化性质、提升养分和酶活性等措施将砂石系统泥饼改良为绿豆种植土,种植绿豆时厨余堆肥的最适宜添加量为4%。Hydroelectric engineering projects have produced a large number of gravel system mud cake and food waste.In order to realize the resource utilization of improved soil test,set up five food waste compost product additions:0(CK),1%(T1),2%(T2),4%(T3),7%(T4),the study examined the physical and chemical properties of the mud cake,nutrients and enzyme activity within 90 d,as well as the mung bean growth after the soil formation.The results showed that the pH value of the mud cake tended to be neutral,conductivity,total porosity increased and the bulk density decreased.The corresponding requirements could be met at 4%(T3)of food waste compost.Additionally,the activities of sucrase,urease,phosphatase and catalase increased,and the enzyme activities of the mud cake were better promoted at 4%(T3)of food waste compost.Furthermore,the content of organic matter,alkaline dissolved nitrogen,quick-acting phosphorus and quickacting potassium increased and the content of organic matter,hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus increased at 4%(T3)of food waste compost.The organic matter,alkaline dissolved nitrogen,quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium contents in the mud cake increased and reached the standards of Grade III(moderate)and Grade II(abundant)in the geochemical evaluation specification for land quality(DZ/T 0295—2016)at the mass fractions of 4%(T3)and 7%(T4)of the food waste compost,respectively.The addition of the 4%(T3)food waste compost most significantly improved the growth of mung bean and the quality of the leaves,with the enhancement of the mung bean germination speed,plant height,and the total fresh weight,as well as the levels of leaf chlorophyll,soluble protein,soluble sugar and vitamin C.In summary,food waste compost can be utilized to improve mud cake into mung bean planting soil by improving its physical and chemical properties,nutrients and enzyme activities,and the optimal amount of food waste compost to be added is 4%when planting mung beans.

关 键 词：改良成土 砂石系统泥饼 厨余堆肥 绿豆种植土 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]