生前预嘱制度的检视与完善  

Review and Perfection of Living Will System

作　　者：陈龙 任明辉[1] CHEN Long;REN Minghui(Department of Global Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院全球卫生学系,北京100191

出　　处：《协和医学杂志》2025年第2期523-528,共6页Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital

摘　　要：随着2022年修订版《深圳经济特区医疗条例》的正式颁布,我国在立法上首次承认生前预嘱的法律效力,由此也引发了全社会的广泛关注与讨论。由于受传统文化、法律制度、医疗服务供给等因素的影响,生前预嘱的实践运行存在诸多挑战。目前,生前预嘱的制度完善需从实践中遇到的难题入手,着重营造良好的制度实施环境,进一步完善生前预嘱的具体操作程序,同时提高安宁疗护的社会供给能力,以更好地维护和保障生命末期患者的根本权益。With the promulgation of the Revised Medical Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in 2022,the legal effect of living wills has been recognised for the first time in China's legislation,which has sparked widespread concern and discussion across society.At present,the improvement of the living will system must start from the difficulties encountered in practice,focusing on creating a favourable environment for the implementation of the system,further improving the specific operation procedures of living wills,and at the same time improving the social supply capacity of hospice care,so as to better safeguard and protect the funda⁃mental rights and interests of patients at the end of their lives.

关 键 词：生前预嘱 自主决定权 安宁疗护 生命终末期 医疗政策 

分 类 号：R48[医药卫生—临床医学] R-01