早产儿喂养不耐受的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of feeding intolerance in premature infants

作　　者：毛改 常莹 李敏[2] 李颖[1] Mao Gai;Chang Ying;Li Min;Li Ying(Department of Neonatology,Children's Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院中医科与新生儿科,北京100010 [2]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院儿科

出　　处：《北京医学》2025年第1期60-63,共4页Beijing Medical Journal

基　　金：2023年度北京市中医药科技发展资金青年项目(BJZYQN-2023-11);首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院所级基金(LCYJ-2023-16)。

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿喂养不耐受(feeding intolerance,FI)的影响因素。方法选取2023年1月至2024年5月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院新生儿科喂养不耐受早产儿199例(FI组),选择同期就诊的喂养耐受早产儿203例(非FI组),收集两组早产儿的胎龄、体质量、生后开奶时间等资料,采用多因素非条件logistic回归方程分析FI的影响因素。结果402例患者中男200例、女202例,胎龄24.57~36.86周、平均(32.92±2.99)周,FI发生率为49.5%。多因素回归分析结果显示,胎龄越长(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.151~0.482,P<0.001)、出生体质量越重(OR=0.351,95%CI:0.212~0.582,P<0.001)的早产儿越不容易出现FI,多胎(OR=2.295,95%CI:1.177~4.476,P=0.015)、生后24 h内接受有创呼吸支持(OR=4.455,95%CI:1.071~18.523,P=0.040)的早产儿更容易出现FI。结论需关注出生体质量轻、胎龄短、生后24 h内接受有创呼吸支持、多胎早产儿的喂养问题。Objective To explore the influencing factors of feeding intolerance(FI)in preterm infants.Methods A total of 199 preterm infants with FI in the Department of Neonatology,Children's Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2023 to May 2024 were selected(FI group),and 203 preterm infants without FI were selected during the same period(non-FI group).The data of gestational age,body weight,and time to start feeding after birth were collected for both groups,and multivariate unconditional logistic regression equation was used to analyze the influencing factors of FI.Results Among the 402 patients,there were 200 males and 202 females,the gestational age ranged from 24.57 to 36.86 weeks,with an average of(32.92±2.99)weeks.The incidence of FI was 49.5%.Multivariate regression analysis results showed that preterm infants with longer gestational age(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.151-0.482,P<0.001)and higher birth weight(OR=0.351,95%CI:0.212-0.582,P<0.001)were less likely to develop FI,infants with multiple births(OR=2.295,95%CI:1.177-4.476,P=0.015)and receiving invasive respiratory support within 24 h after birth(OR=4.455,95%CI:1.071-18.523,P=0.040)were more likely to develop FI.Conclusions Attention should be paid to the feeding issues of preterm infants with low birth weight,short gestational age,receiving invasive respiratory support within 24 h after birth,and multiple births.

关 键 词：喂养不耐受 胎龄 有创呼吸支持 危险因素 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]