德国煤矿安全监管体系对我国的相关启示  

Enlightenment of German coal mine safety supervision system to China

作　　者：刘宏波 周爱桃[2] 陈鑫娜 LIU Hongbo;ZHOU Aitao;CHEN Xinna(International Exchange and Cooperation Center,Ministry of Emergency Management,Chaoyang,Beijing 100012,China;School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Haidian,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部国际交流合作中心,北京市朝阳区100012 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)应急管理与安全工程学院,北京市海淀区100083

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2025年第3期136-141,共6页China Coal

摘　　要：通过对德国煤矿安全监管法律法规、安全准入、联合监管以及管理和技术体系等方面的分析,总结了德国煤矿安全监管的主要特点。比较了中德两国在煤矿安全监管方面的差异,研究认为,德国在煤矿安全生产及监管方面具有完备的法律法规体系、严格的安全准入审查、实施“双轨制”监管以及完善的煤矿安全生产管理和技术体系等特点。在此基础上,提出了对我国煤矿安全监管工作的启示和建议,包括完善事前预防和事中事后监管体系、提高监管执法人员专业能力、严格监管监察执法、以技术装备手段加强人员定位系统监管、发挥中介技术服务机构作用、加强安全教育培训以及统筹煤炭供应与安全生产等方面。Through the analysis of German coal mine safety supervision laws and regulations,safety access,joint supervision,and management and technical system,the main characteristics of German coal mine safety supervision were summarized.By comparing the differences between China and Germany in coal mine safety supervision,it is believed that there are the characteristics of complete legal and regulation system,strict safety access review,implementation of“dual-track system”supervision and perfect coal mine safety production management and technical system in coal mine safety production and supervision in Germany.On this basis,this study puts forward the enlightenment and suggestions of coal mine safety supervision to China,including enhancing the pre-prevention and post-supervision system,improving the professional ability of regulatory enforcement personnel,strict enforcement of supervision law,strengthening personnel positioning system supervision with technical and equipment means,giving play to the role of intermediary technical services,strengthening safety education training and coordinating coal supply and safety production.

关 键 词：德国煤矿 安全监管 安全生产 双轨制 监管体系 

分 类 号：TD77[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]