赋能教育方案在老年维持性血液透析患者透析期间进食管理中的应用  

Application of an empowerment education program in the management of intra-dialytic eating among elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients

作　　者：高玉梅 吴桃峰 马峥嵘[1] 邱宏[1] GAO Yumei;WU Taofeng;MA Zhengrong;QIU Hong(Department of Hemodialysis Center,People’s Hospital of Suzhou New District,Suzhou Jiangsu 215129;Department of Hemodialysis Center,Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Suzhou Municipal Hospital),Suzhou Jiangsu 215002,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州高新区人民医院血液净化中心,江苏苏州215129 [2]南京医科大学附属苏州医院(苏州市立医院)血液净化中心,江苏苏州215002

出　　处：《临床与病理杂志》2024年第11期1579-1588,共10页Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research

基　　金：苏州市卫生健康委员会“科教兴卫”青年科技项目(KJXW2023038);苏州市医学重点扶持学科建设项目(SZFCXK202110);苏州高新区人民医院科学创新基金(SGY2021A03)。

摘　　要：目的:老年维持性血液透析患者透析期间进食正确率、并发症发生率等亟待改善。本研究旨在探讨赋能教育方案在老年维持性血液透析患者透析期间进食管理中的应用效果。方法:选取2023年7至9月在苏州高新区人民医院血液净化中心的90例老年维持性血液透析患者,随机分为对照组、观察组各45例。对照组接受常规的健康教育,观察组在此基础上开展赋能教育方案。比较2组患者干预后的透析期间进食正确率、透析期间并发症发生率、生活质量评分、透析充分性、血红蛋白、电解质等。结果:干预3个月后,观察组患者透析期间进食正确率、生活质量评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),透析中低血压、低血糖发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),血红蛋白、血磷、透析充分性指标均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),2组患者白蛋白、前白蛋白水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:赋能教育方案可以提高老年维持性血液透析患者透析期间进食正确率,降低透析期间进食后并发症发生率,提高生活质量。Objective:The accuracy of intra-dialytic eating and incidence of related complications in elderly maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients remain suboptimal.This study aims to explore the effectiveness of an empowerment education program in managing intra-dialytic eating among elderly patients undergoing MHD.Methods:A total of 90 elderly MHD patients from the People’s Hospital of Suzhou New District treated between July and September 2023 were randomly assigned to a control group and an observation group(45 patients each).The control group received routine health education,while the observation group received an additional empowerment-based education program.Post-intervention comparisons were made between the two groups regarding intra-dialytic eating accuracy,complication incidence during dialysis,quality of life scores,dialysis adequacy,hemoglobin,and electrolyte levels.Results:After 3 months of intervention,the observation group showed significantly higher intra-dialytic eating accuracy and quality of life scores compared to the control group(both P<0.05).The incidence of intra-dialytic hypoglycemia was significantly lower in the observation group(both P<0.05).Hemoglobin,serum phosphorus,and dialysis adequacy indicators were also better in the observation group(all P<0.05).No significant differences were found between the two groups in albumin and prealbumin levels(both P>0.05).Conclusion:The empowerment education program can effectively improve intra-dialytic eating accuracy,reduce the incidence of eating-related complications during dialysis,and enhance the quality of life in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients.

关 键 词：赋能教育 血液透析 老年患者 透析期间进食 透析并发症 生活质量 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]