老年人社区居家养老服务需求影响因素研究——以多民族聚居城市呼和浩特为例  

Research on the Influencing Factors of Elderly People's Demand for Community Home-Based Elderly Care Services——Taking Hohhot,a Multi-ethnic Settlement City,as an Example

作　　者：王晓东[1,2] 马婧 WANG Xiao-dong;MA Jing(School of Public Administration,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Inner Mongolia Social Governance and Innovation Research Base,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学公共管理学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]内蒙古社会治理与创新研究基地,呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《边疆经济与文化》2025年第4期16-23,共8页The Border Economy and Culture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金面上项目“内蒙古社区养老服务需求评估与政策优化研究”(2022MS07019);内蒙古自治区社科规划项目“内蒙古加强互嵌式社会结构和社区环境建设研究”(2023NDC151)。

摘　　要：为了解多民族聚居城市老年人社区居家养老服务的需求意愿及其影响因素,采用分层随机抽样方法对呼和浩特市8个典型多民族社区621名老人展开问卷调查,并运用Logistic回归方法,从个体特征和情境特征两大维度进行老年人养老服务需求优先次序及影响因素的实证分析。结果发现:吃饭、照护、就医仍是老年人养老生活的“头号需求”,年龄越大、身体状况越差的老年人对紧急救援类服务和医疗护理类服务的需求意愿越强;邻里关系因素对老年人精神慰藉类服务需求意愿影响较大;民族因素对各类养老服务需求意愿并无显著性差异。影响因素依次是身体状况、年龄、居住方式、社区养老服务资源分布情况。据此,应基于多民族聚居城市社区养老情境特点,夯实“生存托底型”养老服务基础保障,加强“生活质量型”养老服务多元分类建设,提升“普惠可及型”社区养老服务供给能力。In order to understand To understand the demand willingness of community-based home care services for the elderly in multi-ethnic cities and its influencing factors,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 621 elderly people in 8 typical multi-ethnic communities in Hohhot City using stratified random sampling method,and Logistic regression method was used to carry out the empirical analysis of the priority of the demand for elderly care services and the influencing factors in terms of two major dimensions,namely,the individual characteristics and the situational characteristics.The results found that:food,care and medical care are still the“number one needs”of the elderly in their old age life,and the older and the worse the physical condition of the elderly,the stronger the demand for emergency rescue services and medical care services;neighborhood factors have a greater impact on the demand for spiritual comfort services for the elderly;and there is no significant difference in the impact of ethnicity on the demand for various kinds of old age services.There is no significant difference in the ethnicity factor on the willingness to demand various kinds of elderly services.The influencing factors are,in descending order,physical condition,age,mode of residence,and distribution of community resources for elderly services.Accordingly,based on the characteristics of the elderly situation in multi-ethnic urban communities,we should consolidate the basic guarantee of“subsistence-type”elderly care services,strengthen the construction of“quality of life-type”elderly care services,and enhance the supply capacity of“universally accessible-type”community elderly care services.Strengthening the basic guarantee of“survival-supporting”senior care services,strengthening the construction of“quality-of-life”senior care services in multiple categories,and improving the supply capacity of“inclusive and accessible”community senior care services.

关 键 词：多民族聚居城市 社区居家养老服务 需求意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]