多功能群物种配置模式下退化高寒草甸植物多样性与生态系统多功能性的关联  

Relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in degraded alpine meadows under multifunctional group species combination models

作　　者：王雯莹 肖元明 王小赟 徐嘉昕 马玉花[1] 李强峰[1] 周国英[2,3] WANG Wen-Ying;XIAO Yuan-Ming;WANG Xiao-Yun;XU Jia-Xin;MA Yu-Hua;LI Qiang-Feng;ZHOUGuo-Ying(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [3]中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室,西宁810008 [4]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2025年第1期103-117,共15页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA26020201);青海省自然科学基金(2023-ZJ-902T)。

摘　　要：构建多功能群物种配置模式是恢复重度退化高寒草地的重要方式。然而,青藏高原重度退化高寒草甸对多功能群物种配置的响应以及植物多样性与生态系统多功能性之间的关系仍未明晰。该研究以三江源自然保护区玛沁县重度退化高寒草甸为研究对象,构建了禾草混播、禾+豆混播、禾+豆+莎混播、禾+豆+杂混播的多功能群物种配置模式,在测定植物群落多样性、初级生产力、土壤因子的基础上,评估了不同配置模式下生态系统多功能性,并进一步解析植物多样性和生态系统多功能性之间的关系。结果表明:(1)在4种物种配置模式中,禾+豆+莎混播处理具有最高的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数,Simpson指数和Pielou指数在多功能群物种配置模式下无显著差异。(2)生物量随植物功能群数增加显著增加,在禾+豆+莎混播处理时最高。(3)禾+豆+莎混播处理下,除pH、电导率、速效磷含量外,其余指标均显著增加。(4)生态系统多功能性在禾+豆+莎混播处理时最高,生态系统多功能性随植物多样性的增加表现出显著下降的趋势。上述结果表明禾+豆+莎混播处理在促进重度退化高寒草甸的土壤养分恢复、提高初级生产力方面有显著影响。研究结果为恢复三江源地区重度退化高寒草甸提供物种配置参考,对于发展青藏高原重度退化高寒草甸生态恢复理论具有重要意义。Aims Constructing multifunctional group species combination model is crucial for restoring severely degraded alpine grassland.However,the responses of multifunctional group species combination to severely degraded alpine meadows and relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality on the Qingzang Plateau remain unclear.Methods In the study,we focused on the severely degraded alpine meadow at the Maqên County in the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve,and constructed four species combination models including grass mixture,grass+legume mixture,grass+legume+sedge mixture and grass+legume+forb mixture.The study evaluated the ecosystem multifunctionality under different species combination models by measuring plant diversity,primary productivity,and soil factors.Furthermore,the relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality was analyzed.Important findings The results showed that:(1)Among the four species combination modes,the grass+legume+sedge mixture had the highest species richness and Shannon-Wiener index,whereas there was no significant differences in Simpson index and Pielou index between the multifunctional group species combination models.(2)The biomass increased significantly with the addition of plant functional group numbers,and was the highest in the grass+legume+sedge mixture.(3)Except for pH,conductivity,and available phosphorus content,all other indicators increased significantly under the grass+legume+sedge mixture.(4)Ecosystem multifunctionality was the highest under the grass+legume+sedge mixture,and the ecosystem multifunctionality showed decreasing pattern along with the increase of plant diversity.Our results indicated that the grass+legume+sedge mixture has a significant impact on promoting the recovery of soil nutrients and improving primary productivity in severely degraded alpine meadows.The study provides a multifunctional group species combination reference for the restoration of severely degraded alpine meadows in the Sanjiangyuan region,and is of great

关 键 词：多功能群 植物多样性 生态系统多功能性 生态恢复 高寒草甸 青藏高原 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]