青霉菌灭活菌丝体对白车轴草和黑麦草生长及生理特性的影响  

Effect of dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum on the growth and physiological performance of Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne

作　　者：夏敏菖 李倩倩 钱清清 任淑君 梁应冲 陈亭颖 李映佳 牟宗敏 陈穗云[1,2] XIA Min-Chang;LI Qian-Qian;QIAN Qing-Qing;REN Shu-Jun;LIANG Ying-Chong;CHEN Ting-Ying;LI Ying-Jia;MOU Zong-Min;CHEN Sui-Yun(School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease&Pest of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态与环境学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省作物病虫害生物防控工程技术研究中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2025年第1期189-198,共10页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA26020203)。

摘　　要：施用生长促进剂是人工辅助干预加快退化草地生态恢复的重要手段,为挖掘适用于退化草地的生长促进剂,该研究采用盆栽实验和田间实验的方法,探索了青霉素工业生产过程中产生的残余物青霉菌灭活菌丝体(DMP)对禾豆混播法常用牧草白车轴草(Trifolium repens)和黑麦草(Lolium perenne)生长生理的影响。研究结果表明:(1)DMP能够显著改善白车轴草和黑麦草的生理指标,并改良二者的发育形态学性状。盆栽条件下每盆施用4.50 g DMP显著增加了黑麦草的株高和叶片数,与复合肥处理相比分别增加了27.59%和44.16%,而每盆施用2.25 g DMP显著增加了黑麦草的分蘖数,与复合肥处理相比增加了38.79%。同时,每盆施用2.25 g DMP显著增加了白车轴草的分支数和叶片数,与复合肥处理相比分别增加了27.59%和44.16%。与复合肥处理相比,每盆4.50 g DMP处理显著提高了黑麦草的叶绿素总量和粗脂肪含量,提高率分别为12.77%和11.82%,而每盆6.00 g DMP显著提高了黑麦草的粗蛋白含量,提高率为119.94%。每盆4.50 g DMP处理也显著提高了白车轴草的叶绿素总量和粗蛋白含量,与复合肥处理相比提高率分别为29.47%和42.46%。(2)DMP能够提高黑麦草和白车轴草的生物量。盆栽条件下,与复合肥处理相比,每盆3.40 g DMP处理显著提高了黑麦草和白车轴草的地上部分干质量,提高率分别为22.76%和21.09%。在昭通低温寡日照田间条件下,与复合肥处理相比,225 kg·hm^(-2)DMP提高了黑麦草的地上部分和地下部分干质量积累,提高率分别为64.53%和14.64%,225 kg·hm^(-2)DMP也提高了白车轴草的地上部分和地下部分干质量积累,提高率分别为58.00%和129.19%。(3)转录组测序表明,DMP处理诱导了黑麦草植物激素生物合成和信号转导通路相关基因的表达,证实DMP通过诱导激素生物合成和信号转导通路促进牧草生长。该研究首次证实了DMP能够促进牧草生长,提Aims The application of growth promoter is an important tool for ecological restoration of degraded grassland by human intervention.Therefore,the aim of this study is to investigate the growth promoting effect of dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum(DMP),a residue from the industrial production of penicillin,on the growth and physiological performance of Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne.Methods In this study,we mainly applied pot experiment and field experiment to investigate the growth promoting effect of DMP addition on the performance of T.repens and L.perenne.Then we applied transcriptome sequencing to determine the molecular mechanism of DMP promoting effects on forage growth.Important findings The results of this study are as follows:(1)DMP addition can significantly improve their physiological indices and enhanced developmental morphological traits of T.repens and L.perenne.Compared with the compound fertilizer treatment,the application of 4.50 g DMP per pot significantly increased the plant height,tiller number and leaf number of L.perenne,and the application of 2.25 g DMP per pot significantly increased the plant height,branching number and leaf number of T.repens,while 4.50 g·pot^(–1) of DMP significantly increased the total chlorophyll content,crude protein content and crude fat content of L.perenne,and this concentration of DMP addition also significantly increased the total chlorophyll and crude protein contents of T.repens.(2)DMP addition can increase the biomass of L.perenne and T.repens.Under potting conditions,DMP application significantly increased aboveground fresh and dry mass of L.perenne and T.repens compared with compound fertilizer treatment.DMP at 225 kg·hm^(-2) also increased aboveground and belowground dry mass accumulation of L.perenne and T.repens under low temperature and low sunlight field conditions in Zhaotong.(3)Transcriptome sequencing showed that DMP treatment induced the expression of genes related to phytohormone biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways in L.pe

关 键 词：退化草地恢复 青霉菌灭活菌丝体 促生长作用 白车轴草 黑麦草 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]