基质和埋深对田间白芷种子萌发出苗的影响  

Effects on Germination and Emergence of Angelica dahurica Seeds:Substrate Mixtures and Burial Depth in Field Conditions

作　　者：韩加坤 高秋美[1] 米真如 刘洪冲 董秋颖 任丽华[1] HAN Jiakun;GAO Qiumei;MI Zhenru;LIU Hongchong;DONG Qiuying;REN Lihua(Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jining Shandong 272031)

机构地区：[1]济宁市农业科学研究院,山东济宁272031

出　　处：《农学学报》2025年第3期13-18,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系资助项目“山东省中草药产业技术体系济宁综合试验站”(SDAIT-20-08)。

摘　　要：为研究大田种植白芷种子萌发出苗的有利环境条件,探寻提高白芷种子萌发出苗的简易有效方法,解决田间白芷种植出苗率低的实际生产难题。于2022年在济宁市农科院试验基地开展大田试验,采用两因素裂区设计,A因素为不同配比基质,将草炭土(A1)、草炭土:园土=1:1混合基质(A2)、草炭土:园土:珍珠岩=2:2:1混合基质(A3)、园土(A4)共4个处理安排在主区,B因素为不同埋深,将种子压入基质表面不覆盖(B1)、埋深1 cm(B2)、埋深3 cm(B3)、埋深5 cm(B4)共4个处理安排在副区,研究不同配比基质和埋深下白芷种子萌发出苗及生长状况。结果表明,不同配比基质与埋深间存在明显的互作效应。不同配比基质对白芷种子出苗率有显著影响,对幼苗生长影响有差异,以A2和A3最为适宜;基质埋深对白芷种子出苗影响差异显著,B2出苗率最高。在大田种植白芷时,采用草炭土和园土1:1混合基质覆盖1 cm可以作为提高白芷出苗、促进幼苗生长和改善土壤结构的简易有效方法。研究以期为大田条件下种植白芷的实践生产提供理论指导。To investigate the favorable environmental conditions for the seed germination and seeding emergence of Angelica dahurica,and to address the practical issue of the low seedling rate of emergence of Angelica dahurica in field cultivation,the simple and effective methods to enhance the rate of emergence of Angelica dahurica seeds were explored.A two-factor split-plot design was employed under field conditions.The substrates with different ratios,such as peat soil,peat soil:garden soil,and peat soil:garden soil:perlite,as well as garden soil alone,were arranged in the main plots.Seed sowing treatments with no covering,and burial depths of 1 cm,3 cm,and 5 cm were arranged in the sub-plots.The seed germination,seeding emergence,and growth conditions of Angelica dahurica were determined with different substrates and burial depths.The results indicated that there was a significant interaction effect between different substrates and burial depths.The seed emergence and seedling growth of Angelica dahurica were significantly impacted by the substrates with different ratios.The most suitable substrates were peat soil:garden soil at a 1:1 ratio and peat soil:garden soil:perlite at a 2:2:1 ratio.Furthermore,the effect of burial depth on seed emergence was significant,and the seeding rate of emergence was the highest at 1 cm depth.When cultivating Angelica dahurica in field conditions,a 1:1 mixture of peat soil and garden soil with a burial depth of 1 cm could serve as a simple and effective method to enhance seedling emergence,promote growth,and improve soil structure.

关 键 词：白芷 基质 埋深 萌发出苗 田间条件 

分 类 号：S352.5[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]