粮食类家庭农场合作行为选择及其特征--基于全国家庭农场监测数据  

Cooperative Behavioral Choices of Grain-Based Family Farms and Their Characteristics:Based on National Family Farm Monitoring Data

作　　者：杜志雄[1] 来晓东 郜亮亮[1] DU Zhixiong;LAI Xiaodong;GAO Liangliang(Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China;Research Center for Rural Economy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100810,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732 [2]农业农村部农村经济研究中心,北京100810

出　　处：《烟台大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期44-57,共14页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：加快家庭农场联合与合作是新型农业经营主体提升行动的内在要求,也是推动家庭农场高质量发展的必然路径。家庭农场作为新型农业经营主体的核心组成部分,对其合作行为进行研究有助于加快构建立体式复合型现代农业经营体系。基于2014—2018年全国家庭农场监测数据,对粮食类家庭农场合作行为的发展现状、农场主特征以及农场经营特征与家庭农场合作行为选择之间的关系进行分析。研究表明:超过半数的粮食类农场具有合作行为,“家庭农场+合作社+龙头企业”经营模式的农场能够获取更多的服务;无合作行为的粮食类农场主呈现“老龄化”趋势特征;“家庭农场+龙头企业”经营模式农场主的“非本村化”趋势开始呈现;“家庭农场+合作社+龙头企业”经营模式中初中及以下教育程度的农场主占比最低;从“家庭农场+合作社”到“家庭农场+龙头企业”再到“家庭农场+合作社+龙头企业”的经营模式,农场主接受培训、示范类农场、对转入地整理、有完整日常收支记录和农产品订单的农场占比依次增加,农场土地平均经营面积依次增大。因此,应强化家庭农场联合与合作发展,建立健全新型农业经营主体互助合作平台,提升家庭农场主经营管理能力。Accelerating the joint and cooperative development of family farms is an inherent requirement for the upgrading action of new agricultural business entities and an inevitable path to promote the high-quality development of family farms.As the core component of new agricultural business entities,research on the cooperative behavior of family farms can help to speed up the construction of a modern agricultural management system.Based on the national monitoring data of family farms from 2014 to 2018,this article analyzes the development status of cooperative behavior of grain-based family farms,as well as the relationship between the characteristics of farm owners,farm management characteristics,and the choice of cooperative behavior.The study shows that more than half of grain-based family farms have cooperative behaviors,and farms with the business model of“family farm+cooperative+leading enterprise”can obtain more services.Non-cooperative farm owners present an aging trend.The trend of“non-local village”among farm owners with the business pattern of“family farm+leading enterprise”is beginning to emerge.The proportion of farm owners with junior high school education or below is the lowest in the“family farm+cooperative+leading enterprise”business model.From the business model of“family farm+cooperative”to that of“family farm+leading enterprise”,and then to“family farm+cooperative+leading enterprise”,the proportion of family farms’training,demonstration farms,consolidated land conduction,complete records of daily income and expenditure,and agricultural product orders increases progressively.Additionally,the average operational area of farmland also increases accordingly.Therefore,we should strengthen the development of family farm cooperation,establish a platform for mutual assistance among new agricultural business entities,and improve the management capacity of farm owners.

关 键 词：家庭农场 合作行为 经营模式 农业生产 农业经营 

分 类 号：F324.1[经济管理—产业经济]