Cavity as radio telescope for galactic dark photon  

谐振腔作为探测星系暗光子的射电望远镜

作　　者：Yanjie Zeng Yuxin Liu Chunlong Li Yuxiang Liu Bo Wang Zhenxing Tang Yuting Yang Liwen Feng Peng Sha Zhenghui Mi Weimin Pan Tianzong Zhang Zhongqing Ji Yirong Jin Jiankui Hao Lin Lin Fang Wang Huamu Xie Senlin Huang Yifan Chen Jing Shu SHANHE Collaboration 曾彦杰;刘雨鑫;李春龙;刘宇翔;王博;汤振兴;杨钰廷;冯立文;沙鹏;米正辉;潘卫民;张天纵;姬忠庆;金贻荣;郝建奎;林林;王芳;谢华木;黄森林;陈一帆;舒菁;山河合作组

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics,Institute of Theoretical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China [2]School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS),Beijing 100190,China [4]School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [5]Center for High Energy Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [6]School of Physics,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China [7]Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center,Beijing 101400,China [8]Institute of Heavy Ion Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [9]Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [10]Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [11]Center for Superconducting RF and Cryogenics,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [12]Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100190,China [13]Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,Beijing 100193,China [14]Niels Bohr International Academy,Niels Bohr Institute,Copenhagen,2100,Denmark [15]不详

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2025年第5期661-666,共6页科学通报(英文版)

基　　金：National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC2201501);Yifan Chen was supported by VILLUM FONDEN(37766);Danish Research Foundation,and under the European Union’s H2020 ERC Advanced Grant“Black holes:gravitational engines of discovery”grant agreement(Gravitas–101052587);European Consortium for Astroparticle Theory in the form of an Exchange Travel Grant,and by FCT(Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia I.P,Portugal)(2022.01324.PTDC);Jing Shu was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12025507,12450006,and.12150015);Peking University under startup Grant(7101302974);State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University(NPT2024ZX01).

摘　　要：Dark photons,as a minimal extension of the Standard Model through an additional Abelian gauge group,may propagate relativistically across the galaxy,originating from dark matter decay or annihilation,thereby contributing to a galactic dark photon background.The generation of dark photons typically favors certain polarization modes,which are dependent on the interactions between dark matter and dark photons.We introduce a framework in which a resonant cavity is utilized to detect and differentiate these polarizations,leveraging the daily variation in expected signals due to the anisotropic distribution of dark photons and the rotation of the Earth.We conduct an experimental search using superconducting radio-frequency cavities,noted for their exceptionally high quality factors,proving them to be effective telescopes for observing galactic dark photons.This approach establishes the most stringent limits yet on the kinetic mixing coefficient between dark photons and electromagnetic photons,thereby unveiling a novel avenue for the indirect search for dark matter via multi-messenger astronomy.

关 键 词：Dark photon Resonant cavity Dark matter indirect detection Multi-messenger astronomy 

分 类 号：O57[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]