球床模块式高温气冷堆——依自然定律堆芯不会熔化安全特性研究  

Core meltdown-free safety features of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module

作　　者：张作义[1] ZHANG ZuoYi(Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology(INET),Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科学:技术科学》2025年第3期462-474,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(编号:ZX06901)资助项目。

摘　　要：在中国山东省石岛湾建设了世界首座球床模块式高温气冷堆示范电站(HTR-PM),机组由两个反应堆模块连接1台蒸汽轮机.核电站于2021年8月获得运行许可证,2021年12月实现并网发电.基于这个实际建成并网的核电站,通过总结基本安全功能、论证逻辑、证据和验证,以及中国核安全监管机构长时间体系性审评,本文从理论和实践两个方面概要阐述石岛湾200 MWe球床模块式高温气冷堆核电站如何实现依自然定律堆芯不会熔化的安全特性.The world’s first demonstration plant of a high-temperature reactor with a pebble-bed module(HTR-PM)was built in Shidao Bay,Shandong Province,China,with two reactor modules connected to one steam turbine.This plant received its operating license in August 2021 and was connected to the grid in December 2021.After summarizing the basic safety functions,argumentation logic,evidence and verification,and a long-term systematic review of China’s nuclear safety regulations,this paper outlines how to achieve the core meltdown-proof safety characteristics of HTR-PM according to the actual grid-connected nuclear power plant and the laws of nature from theoretical and practical perspectives.

关 键 词：核裂变能 核安全 高温气冷堆 球床 小型模块堆 第四代核能系统 

分 类 号：TM6[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]