2018—2024年北京市某儿童医院普通外科住院疾病谱分析  

Disease spectrum analysis of general surgery inpatients in a children′s hospital in Beijing from 2018 to 2024

作　　者：王雪琪 王世文[2] 刘铁柱[2] 李颀[1] Wang Xueqi;Wang Shiwen;Liu Tiezhu;Li Qi(Department of general surgery,Capital Institute of Pediatrics Affiliated Children′s Hospital,Beijing 100020,China;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,NHC Key laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院普通外科,北京100020 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,国家卫生健康委员会医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2025年第1期51-55,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

摘　　要：目的通过分析2018年1月至2024年6月北京某儿童医院普通外科住院病人的疾病谱和构成情况,了解新冠疫情对儿童医院住院患儿数量和病种构成造成的影响,为医院能力建设和疫情出现后的医疗应对提供科学证据。方法通过收集该儿童医院2018年1月1日至2024年6月30日普通外科病房患儿的住院病案资料,使用SPSS 22.0软件和EXCEL工具,从不同年份、不同性别、不同年龄组三个维度分析医院普通外科疾病顺位和构成情况,同时按照省份统计该院患儿的来源地。结果总体上,2020年开始住院患儿总量出现明显下降,此后缓慢回升;急性阑尾炎、腹股沟斜疝和胆总管囊肿在每年的疾病顺位中分列前三位;从性别维度,男性患儿中腹股沟斜疝、急性阑尾炎,女性患儿中急性阑尾炎、胆总管囊肿的数量最多;从年龄维度,1~岁组腹股沟斜疝患儿数量排在首位,而5~岁组和10~18岁组中,急性阑尾炎数量排在首位;2020—2024年上半年与2018—2019年相比,腹股沟斜疝住院患儿数量骤降,第一顺位疾病由的腹股沟斜疝变为急性阑尾炎。结论本研究分析了该儿童医院在新冠疫情前后的疾病谱和构成情况,对儿童医院能力建设、资源分配和疫情应对具有重要参考价值。ObjectiveBy analyzing the disease spectrum and composition of inpatients in general surgery department of a children′s hospital in Beijing from January 2018 to June 2024,to understand the impact of the COVID-19 on the number of inpatients in children′s hospitals and the composition of disease types,and to provide scientific evidence for hospital capacity building and medical response after the outbreak of the epidemic.MethodsThe hospitalization medical records of children in the general surgery ward of the children′s hospital from January 1,2018 to June 30,2024 were collected.SPSS 22.0 software and EXCEL tools were used to analyze the ranking and composition of general surgery diseases in the hospital from three dimensions:different years,different genders,and different age groups.At the same time,the source of children in the hospital was counted by province.ResultsOverall,the total number of hospitalized children has shown a significant decrease since 2020,and has since slowly rebounded;Acute appendicitis,inguinal hernia,and common bile duct cyst rank among the top three diseases annually;From a gender perspective,inguinal hernia and acute appendicitis are the most common in male children,while acute appendicitis and common bile duct cysts are the most common in female children;In terms of age,the 1-year-old group has the highest number of patients with inguinal hernia,while the 5-year-old and 10-18-year-old groups have the highest number of patients with acute appendicitis;Compared with 2018-2019,the number of hospitalized children with inguinal hernia decreased sharply in the first half of 2020-2024,and the first priority disease changed from inguinal hernia to acute appendicitis.ConclusionsThis study analyzed the disease spectrum and composition of the children′s hospital before and after the COVID-19 epidemic,which has important reference value for the capacity building,resource allocation and epidemic response of the children′s hospital.

关 键 词：儿童疾病 疾病谱 疾病顺位 

分 类 号：R65[医药卫生—外科学]