2022—2024年济宁市4岁以下儿童感染甲/乙型流感病毒的流行病学特征及临床特点  

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza A/B virus infection in children aged 0-4 in Jining City from 2022 to 2024

作　　者：郭敬红 刘燕[1] 张莹 黄春华[1] 宋亚楠 董倩[1] Guo Jinghong;Liu Yan;Zhang Ying;Huang Chunhua;Song Yanan;Dong Qian(Pediatrics Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University,Jining 272000,China;Jining Infectious Disease Hospital,Jining 272004,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院附属医院儿科,济宁272000 [2]济宁市传染病医院,济宁272004

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2025年第1期91-95,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：山东省中医药科技项目(M-2022243)。

摘　　要：目的分析2022—2024年济宁市0~4岁儿童感染甲/乙型流感病毒(influenza A virus/influenza B virus,IAV/IBV)的流行病学特征及临床特点。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2024年1月在济宁市两所监测哨点医院就诊的3106例流感患儿的资料,按感染病毒类型的不同分成IAV组(n=1829)和IBV组(n=1277)。比较两组患儿一般信息、流行病学特征、实验室检查指标。结果流感患儿以男童(59.01%)、以1~4岁(63.01%)居多,峰值体温以37.8~38.9℃(59.30%)为主,以咳嗽(69.00%)、流涕(66.03%)为主要表现,发病季节集中于冬(42.43%)、春(40.44%)季,暴露对象主要为家庭成员(51.90%),注射流感疫苗比例(20.90%)较低。IAV组就诊时间≤3 d、峰值体温≥39.0℃、心肌损害、肝功能损害、白细胞计数(white blood cell count,WBC)为4~10×10^(9)/L、中性粒细胞百分比(neutrophil percentage,N)>70%患儿比例高于IBV组(P<0.05)。IBV组幼托儿童、WBC>10×10^(9)/L比例高于IAV组(P<0.05)。结论济宁市感染IAV的0~4岁儿童高热、就诊时间早、心肝功能损害、WBC正常、N异常增高等情况较感染IBV更为多见。而感染IBV的0~4岁儿童WBC异常增高、幼托情况较为多见。ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza A/B virus(IAV/IBV)infection in children aged 0-4 years in Jining city from 2022 to 2024.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 3106 influenza affected children who visited two monitoring outpost hospitals in Jining city from January 2022 to January 2024.They were separated into two groups based on the type of virus infection:IAV group(n=1829)and IBV group(n=1277).Two groups were compared for general information,epidemiological characteristics,and laboratory test indicators.ResultThe majority of influenza patients were boys(59.01%)and 1-4 years old(63.01%),with peak body temperature mainly ranging from 37.8 to 38.9℃(59.30%).Coughing(69.00%)and runny nose(66.03%)were the main manifestations.The onset season was concentrated in winter(42.43%)and spring(40.44%),and the exposure target were family members(51.90%),and the proportion of influenza vaccine injections(20.90%)was relatively low.The proportions of visit time≤3 d,peak body temperature≥39.0℃,myocardial damage,liver function damage,white blood cell count(WBC)of 4-10×10^(9)/L,and neutrophil percentage(N)>70%in the IAV group were higher than those in the IBV group(P<0.05).The proportions of preschool children and WBC>10×10^(9)/L in the IBV group were higher than those in the IAV group(P<0.05).ConclusionsChildren aged 0-4 years who are infected with IAV in Jining City are more common in terms of high fever,early medical attention,impaired heart and liver function,normal WBC,and abnormal N elevation compared to those infected with IBV.However,children aged 0-4 who are infected with IBV have abnormally high WBC and are more common in daycare.

关 键 词：流感病毒 流行病学特征 临床特点 

分 类 号：S85[农业科学—兽医学]