猪舍内有害气体与颗粒物的危害及缓解措施  

Harm and Mitigation Measures of Harmful Gases and Particulate Matter in Pig House

作　　者：陈志荣 孙倩 章利丰[2] 叶柏宁 张金枝[1] CHEN Zhirong;SUN Qian;ZHANG Lifeng;YE Boning;ZHANG Jinzhi(College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310058,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021,China;Longquan Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Zhejiang Longquan 323700,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江省农科院畜牧兽医研究所,浙江杭州310021 [3]龙泉市农业农村局,浙江龙泉323700

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2025年第3期68-76,共9页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：浙江大学龙泉创新中心项目(ZDLQ 2022012);浙江省农业(畜禽)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02068-2-2)。

摘　　要：猪养殖过程中容易产生有害气体和颗粒物,且容易在猪舍内积聚或排放至周边环境中,对猪生命健康造成威胁并引起环境污染。影响有害气体及颗粒物排放量的因素主要有猪舍内部环境、饲料成分、饲养密度、粪污排放及处理等。大型猪场主要采用封闭式猪舍,猪舍内环境受外界影响较小,但与外界气体交换作用较弱,若出现通风不良,可能导致猪舍内氧气浓度减少,有害气体及颗粒物浓度上升,舍内动物出现缺氧、应激、患病、中毒甚至死亡等情况。因此适时检测舍内气体环境变化,确保舍内猪个体处在生长适宜的环境中显得至关重要。本文通过对猪舍内有害气体及颗粒物的产生及组成、变化规律、危害性及治理措施等进行综述,以期为减少猪舍内有害气体及颗粒物浓度提供解决方案,并为猪健康高效养殖提供新思路。Harmful gases and particulate matter are easily produced during pig breeding,and can easily accumulate in the pig house or be discharged into the surrounding environment,posing a threat to pig life and health and causing environmental pollution.Factors affecting the emission of harmful gases and particulate matter mainly include the internal environment of the pig house,feed ingredients,stocking density,manure emission and treatment,etc.Large pig farming enterprises mainly use closed pig houses.The environment inside the pig house is less affected by the outside world,but the gas exchange with the outside world is weak.If there is poor ventilation,the oxygen concentration in the pig house may be reduced,and harmful gases and the concentration of particulate matter rises,animals in the house may suffer from hypoxia,stress,illness,poisoning,and even death.Therefore,it is crucial to timely detect changes in the gas environment in the house to ensure that individual pigs in the house are in an environment suitable for growth.This article describes and explores a series of aspects such as the generation and composition,change patterns,hazards and treatment measures of harmful gases and particulate matter in pig houses,with a view to providing solutions for reducing the concentration of harmful gases and particulate matter in pig houses and improving pig health.Efficient breeding provides new ideas.

关 键 词：猪舍 有害气体 氨气 硫化氢 颗粒物 

分 类 号：S828.4[农业科学—畜牧学]