组学技术在绵羊重要性状选育中的应用研究进展  

Progress on the Application of Omics Technology in the Breeding of Important Traits in Sheep

作　　者：李淑惠 何小龙 付绍印 王力伟 杨洁 刘永斌 赵艳红[1,2] LI Shuhui;HE Xiaolong;FU Shaoyin;WANG Liwei;YANG Jie;LIU Yongbin;ZHAO Yanhong(College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region KeyLaboratory of Sheep Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010018,China;College of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区羊遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2025年第3期84-90,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划(2023KYPT0021);内蒙古农牧业创新基金(2023CXJJM03);“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项巴彦淖尔国家农业高新技术产业示范区重点项目(NMK JXM202203、NMKJXM202304);内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022JBGS0012);国家肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-38)。

摘　　要：基因组学崛起于20世纪80年代,随后几个基因组计划的启动使基因组学在十余年间飞速发展。近年来,组学技术被广泛应用于研究动物优良性状的遗传方式。组学技术在动物性状方面的应用对培育优良品种、提高生产效率有重要意义。测序技术发展过程中出现了基因组、表观基因组、转录组、蛋白质组、代谢组、微生物组等新的组学测序技术,其单独应用可以对单一分子的单一功能进行解析,但是仅靠应用单一层面技术无法解释许多复杂性状的遗传表型和机理,因此需要多组学技术联合应用来对其进行较为全面地解析。本文主要综述了各项组学技术的方法,及不同方法在筛选绵羊重要经济性状候选基因中的应用,旨在为后续绵羊重要性状的研究提供参考。Genomics emerged in the 1980s,and the subsequent launch of several genomic projects led to rapid development in the field over the next decade.In recent years,omics technologies have been widely applied to study the genetic mechanisms of desirable traits in animals.The application of omics technologies in animal traits is of great significance for breeding superior varieties and improving production efficiency.During the development of sequencing technologies,new omics sequencing technologies such as genomics,epigenomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and microbiomics have emerged.Each of these can be used to analyze the function of a single molecule,but relying solely on a single-layer technology is insufficient to explain the genetic phenotypes and mechanisms of many complex traits.Therefore,a multiomics approach is necessary for a more comprehensive analysis.This paper primarily reviews the methods of various omics technologies and their applications in screening candidate genes for important economic traits in sheep.The aim is to provide a reference for future research on key traits in sheep.

关 键 词：表观基因组学 宏基因组学 功能基因组学 结构基因组学 育种 绵羊 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]