20世纪五六十年代中法工业合作方式的确立  

Establishment of the Sino-French Industrial Cooperation Mode in the 1950s and 1960s

作　　者：周磊 Zhou Lei

机构地区：[1]青岛大学马克思主义学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2025年第2期64-79,共16页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“改革开放初期中法工业技术合作研究”(项目号:21CZS045)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：20世纪五六十年代,中法两国逐渐形成了一套由政府和企业共同参与的工业合作方式,其从联络渠道、合作导向、结算形式和立项途径等四个方面维系保障了两国工业合作的正常进行。两国政府搭建的官方合作渠道为中法工业合作提供了基本条件,满足了双方企业跨国商业联络的需求并保证项目合同妥善执行;服务于中国工业规划的合作导向,有利于法国企业适应中国工业的高度计划性和合作的买方市场环境;基于出口信贷的现汇结算形式,一定程度上化解了由易货贸易式微和中国外汇紧缺所导致的融资困难;访问考察与工业会展作为两种行之有效的立项途径,确保中国可通过市场调研和横向比价,筛选出更具商业价值的合作项目。中法工业合作方式的确立体现出计划与市场两种经济体制,在冷战期间东西方贸易交流中实现了卓有成效的协同运作。作为20世纪中法关系的重要历史遗产,该合作方式不仅推动了新式工业技术和商业模式的全球化传播,还构成了两国全面战略伙伴关系的重要历史基础。During the 1950s and 1960s,China and France progressively established an industrial cooperation mode in which both governments and corporations have participated.This mode ensured the orderly development of industrial collaboration between the two nations through four key aspects:communication channel,cooperative orientation,settlement method,and project approval procedures.The official cooperation channel established by the governments provided fundamental conditions for Sino-French industrial cooperation,facilitating cross-border business interactions and ensuring the proper execution of project contracts.Its cooperative orientation aligned with China’s industrial planning assisted French enterprises in adapting to the highly planned nature of China’s industrial development as well as the buyer’s market environment in Sino-French cooperation.The settlement method of industrial projects based on export credit mitigated the financial challenges arising from the decline of barter trade and China’s shortage of foreign currency.Bilateral enterprise visits and industrial exhibitions emerged as effective methods for project approval,enabling China to select cooperation projects with greater commercial value through market research and competitive price comparisons.The mode of industrial cooperation between China and France exemplifies the fruitful collaboration between planned and market economies in trade exchanges between the East and West during the Cold War.This cooperative mode,as a crucial historical legacy of Sino-French relations in the 20th century,not only facilitated the global dissemination of new industrial technologies and business models but also laid an important historical foundation for the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two nations.

关 键 词：工业合作方式 设备引进 工业化 中法关系 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]