不同固持材料下草原露天煤矿边坡土壤流失效果研究  

Effect of different holding materials on the soil erosion in an open-pit coal mine slope of grassland

作　　者：宋晓辉 王智勇 祁通拉嘎 李文超 赵宇 SONG Xiaohui;WANG Zhiyong;Qitonglaga;LI Wenchao;ZHAO Yu(M-Grass Ecology And Environment(Group)Limited Company,Huhhot 010070;National Center of Pratacultural Technology Innovation(under preparation),Huhhot 010060;College of Grassland Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011;Huaneng Yimin Coal and Electricity Limited Company,Yiminhe Town,Ewenki Autonomous Banner 021134;Huaneng Mengcao(Inner Mongolia)Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Limited Company,Hulun Buir 021000,China)

机构地区：[1]蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司,呼和浩特010070 [2]国家草业技术创新中心(筹),呼和浩特010060 [3]内蒙古农业大学草业学院,呼和浩特010011 [4]华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司,鄂温克自治旗021134 [5]华能蒙草(内蒙古)生态环保科技有限公司,呼伦贝尔021000

出　　处：《草原与草业》2025年第1期18-22,共5页Grassland and Prataculture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化“呼伦贝尔草原露天煤矿排土场生态修复关键技术研究与示范”项目(2022YFDZ0103)资助。

摘　　要：为探明不同覆被材料对草原露天煤矿边坡土壤流失的影响,以呼伦贝尔草原区伊敏露天煤矿排土场为研究对象,采用完全随机区组试验设计,设置了对照(T1)、草帘(T2)、平铺式芦苇帘(T3)、立式芦苇帘(T4)和铺设陈草(T5)5个不同处理,3次重复。在2023—2024年每年8月底于每个试验小区采集土壤流失量,土壤机械组成和土壤养分含量。结果表明:铺设草帘和陈草处理下2024年土壤流失较2023年分别显著降低了70.79%和65.14%(P<0.05);铺设不同固持材料对土壤有机碳和土壤全氮含量未产生显著差异,土壤速效磷在铺设草帘处理下显著降低,土壤速效钾在铺设立式芦苇帘处理下显著降低(P<0.05);不同处理下土壤流失主要以粉粒为主,立式芦苇帘处理下粉粒体积百分含量最多。In order to explore the effects of different holding materials on soil erosion of the slope dump in grassland open-pit coal mine.We used a completely randomized block experimental design and set up control(T1),straw curtain(T2),flat reed curtain(T3),vertical reed curtain(T4)and old grass(T5)five different treatments in Yimin open-pit coal mines,Hulun Beier.And we collected soil loss,measured soil mechanical composition and soil nutrient contentin in each experimental plot in late August from 2023 to 2024.The results showed that:it was found that soil loss in 2024 under straw curtain and old grass treatment was significantly reduced by 70.79%and 65.14%compared with 2023(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content with different holding materials,soil available phosphorus(P)and soil available potassium(K)decreased significantly under the treatment of straw curtain and vertical reed curtain(P<0.05).The soil loss under different treatments was mainly silt,and the volume percentage of silt under the treatment of vertical reed curtain was the highest.

关 键 词：草原露天煤矿 排土场 土壤流失 土壤机械组成 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]