梯次发展:乡镇政府推动新型农村集体经济发展的逻辑进路  

Echelon Development:The Logical Approach of Township Government to Promote the Development of New Rural Collective Economy

作　　者：田雅馨 TIAN Yaxin(School of Sociology,Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2025年第2期26-49,共24页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“农村社区治理创新问题研究”(编号:22ZD173)。

摘　　要：乡镇政府在新型农村集体经济发展中的作用至关重要。既往研究从党建引领论、自主经营论和政策压力论角度探讨了行政推动新型农村集体经济发展的可行性,却无法回答究竟何种模式可以根据村庄的差异化发展情况使各村在行政逻辑引导下均实现一定的发展。本文结合协同治理理论和特质激活理论,以成都市安仁镇上安片区的实践为分析对象,将乡镇政府推动新型农村集体经济发展的模式概括为“梯次发展”。研究表明,梯次发展遵循组织协同机制、能力识别机制和发展带动机制。乡镇政府明确乡镇、村两级共同的发展任务,统一乡镇、村两级公司化的运营模式,进而形成梯次发展的组织协同机制。在此基础上,乡镇政府为激活村庄经营特质而统一输入组织资源,村庄发展则出现分化。乡镇政府根据村庄有无经营特质确立差异化发展目标,使发展目标能够匹配村庄差异化发展情况,进而形成能力识别机制。面对发展分化的村庄,乡镇政府优先发展具有经营特质的“强村”,再由“强村”带动缺乏经营特质的“弱村”,进而形成发展带动机制。在三大机制的运作下,乡镇政府首先协同“强村”实现“强村”新型农村集体经济的发展壮大,进而由“强村”协同“弱村”实现后者新型农村集体经济的适度发展。一种分发展阶段、分发展成效的梯次发展得以实现。通过呈现一种合理的行政推动发展模式,本文为新型农村集体经济发展中如何确定乡镇政府的角色定位提供了一定启示。The development of new-type rural collective economy is the key measure to achieve common prosperity,in which the township government plays a vital role.Previous studies have discussed the feasibility of administrative promotion of the development of new rural collective economy from the perspectives of party building guidance theory,independent management theory and policy pressure theory,but could not answer which mode can make each village achieve certain development under the guidance of administrative logic according to the differentiated development of villages.The data in this paper comes from a 20-day collective economic research conducted in Anren Town,Chengdu in March 2024.Combining collaborative governance theory and trait activation theory,this paper summarizes the mode of township government to promote the development of new rural collective economy as“echelon development”.The research shows that echelon development follows the mechanism of organizational coordination,the mechanism of ability identification and the mechanism of development driving.Township governments define the common development tasks of township and village levels,unify the operation mode of township and village corporatization,and then form an organizational coordination mechanism for cascade development.On this basis,township governments input organizational resources uniformly in order to activate the characteristics of village management,and village development appears differentiation.Township governments establish differentiated development goals according to the management characteristics of villages,so that the development goals can match the differentiated development of villages,and then form a capacity identification mechanism.Faced with the differentiated development of villages,the township government gives priority to the development of“strong villages”with management characteristics,and then the“strong villages”drive the“weak villages”lacking management characteristics,and then form a development driv

关 键 词：新型农村集体经济 协同治理 特质激活 经营特质 梯次发展 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F724.6