“文化功能聚合”:乡村振兴中激发农民主体性的文化理路  

Aggregation of Cultural Functions:The Cultural Logic of Stimulating Peasants’Subjectivity in Rural Revitalization

作　　者：张剑宇 ZHANG Jianyu(School of Marxism,Southeast University)

机构地区：[1]东南大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2025年第2期103-125,共23页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“多元资本参与乡村振兴的协作秩序建构研究”(编号:21ASH009)。

摘　　要：激发农民主体性是中国“三农”实践及其研究的重要课题。在乡土文化系统中,这一目标的实现离不开行动主体的协同实践。主体性作为自主性、自觉性、能动性、创造性的统一,是人类文化实践的产物。鉴于此,本文从主体性的文化生成逻辑出发,建构“行动协同-功能聚合”分析框架,以苏北汤沟村的文化发展为案例,探讨文化实践激发农民主体性的逻辑及机制。研究发现:民生需求观照、文化资源挖掘、发展理念确证、治理结构优化和实践价值汇聚等环节的递进演化,是农民主体性在“文化功能聚合”机制中得以激发的实践基础。究其根源,产生激发作用的关键在于文化认同、文化涵育、文化资本和文化效益等深嵌于文化形态之中的生成性文化要素。文化要素具备的主体凝聚、价值引导、惯习增能和效能转化等文化功能,作用并助益于农民确立主体身份、提升主体意识、拓展主体能力和凸显主体作用。凭借行动方法的甄别、实践逻辑的演化和积极效应的凝聚,多元文化功能实现聚合,内蕴自主性、自觉性、能动性和创造性的农民主体性得到层递式激发。“文化功能聚合”理路的挖掘,对于农民主体性问题的理论分析和乡村新内生发展的实践创新具有双重启发意义。Stimulating peasants’subjectivity is a key issue in the practice and research of China’s“Three Rural Issues”.In the rural culture system,achieving this goal requires the collaborative practice of action subjects.As a unity of autonomy,consciousness,agency,and creativity,subjectivity is a product of human cultural practice.Based on this,this study starts from the cultural logic of subjectivity formation,constructing an analytical framework of“action synergy–function aggregation”.Using the cultural development of Tanggou Village in northern Jiangsu Province as a case study,this research explores the underlying logic that precipitates action initiation and the operational mechanisms through which the catalytic effect materializes,thereby distilling the dynamics of cultural practice that stimulates peasants’subjectivity into a construct termed“aggregation of cultural functions”.Specifically,within the domain of cultural engagement aimed at fostering a refined and civilized rural ethos,the foundation for stimulating peasants’subjectivity lies in addressing basic needs,exploring cultural resources,validating development concepts,optimizing governance structures,and gathering practical values.At its core,the key to stimulating this subjectivity lies in generative cultural elements deeply embedded in cultural forms,such as cultural identity,cultural nurturing,cultural capital and cultural benefits.These cultural elements engender an array of functions,including subject cohesion,value guidance,habit-enhancement,and effectiveness transformation,all of which coalesce to facilitate the establishment of subject identity,fortification of subject consciousness,amplification of subject capacity,and articulation of subject agency among peasants.Through the identification of action methods,the evolution of practical logic,and the consolidation of positive effects,multiple cultural functions are aggregated,gradually stimulating the peasants’subjectivity,which is characterized by autonomy,consciousness,agency

关 键 词：乡村振兴 农民主体性 文化功能聚合 乡土文化 新内生发展 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理] D422.6[社会学]