平塘苗语的气声及其声学特征  

An Acoustic Analysis of Breathy Voice of Pingtang(Yazhou)Hmong Dialect

作　　者：何治春 HE Zhichun

机构地区：[1]西华大学文学与新闻传播学院,成都610039

出　　处：《民族语文》2025年第1期33-42,共10页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“我国民族音乐文化与语言数据集成及共演化研究(22&ZD218)”资助。

摘　　要：本文采用第一和第二谐波振幅差值(H1-H2)、频谱倾斜(spectraltilt)、倒谱峰突显性(CPP)等方法,确认了平塘(牙舟)苗语中存在气声和常态发声的对立。进一步的声学分析显示,平塘(牙舟)苗语的气声从韵首一直贯穿到韵母中后段,气化比例在60%至80%之间。平塘(牙舟)苗语的气声(弛声)具有整音节属性。平塘气声特征表明,气声(弛声)这种整音节属性实际远不止表现为韵核元音前半部分气化,而是可以表现为整个韵母60%以上气化,个别案例甚至出现整韵母气化现象。This study demonstrates that breathy voice is a contrastive feature in the Yazhou variety of the Pingtang Hmong subdialect,based on acoustic parameters such as H1-H2,spectral tilt,CPP,etc.Acoustic analysis further reveals that,on average,breathiness extends from the very beginning to the mid-to-late portion of the syllable final,accounting for 60% to 80% of its duration.This supports the claim that breathy(slack)voice is a syllable-based feature.Notably,breathiness in Pingtang Hmong is not confined to the initial part of the nucleus but can extend to the latter part of the final or even the entire final in individual cases,challenging traditional assumptions about its distribution.

关 键 词：平塘 苗语 气声 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]