侗台语的差比结构类型  

Types of Comparative Constructions in Kam-Tai Languages

作　　者：杨心怡 YANG Xinyi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京102488

出　　处：《民族语文》2025年第1期110-119,共10页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国民族语言形态句法类型学研究(18ZDA298)”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文通过对23种侗台语的考察,发现侗台语差比结构具有多种构式。不同构式的来源不同,其演变情况也有差异。除了两个小句并置的固有构式外,还有由本族语的比较标记或借用汉语的比较标记形成的构式,以及通过语法复制形成的构式,其中最为典型的是“超过”类构式。不同构式的分布和发展不平衡,表现出侗台语内部的共性和差异。An investigation of 23 Kam-Tai languages reveals diverse comparative constructions,varying in origin and evolution.Biclausal juxtaposition represents the native type of Kam-Tai comparative constructions.Other comparative constructions include those with native comparative markers or with markers borrowed from Chinese as well as those formed through grammatical replication,and the most notable are the"surpass"-type comparatives.These constructions exhibit uneven distribution and development,reflecting both shared features and internal diversity within the Kam-Tai language family.

关 键 词：基准标记 程度标记 比较图式 类型学 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]