基于网络加权Voronoi图的消防站服务覆盖评估  

Assessment of fire station service coverage based on network weighted Voronoi diagram

作　　者：王利娟 禄小敏 张志义 吴梦真 WANG Lijuan;LU Xiaomin;ZHANG Zhiyi;WU Mengzhen(Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070;National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou 730070;Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2025年第2期17-22,共6页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(42161066);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(637020)。

摘　　要：传统的消防站服务范围划分方法在一定程度上忽略了城市复杂路网和路况对消防车行驶速度的影响。该文在顾及道路交通流量的基础上构建网络加权Voronoi图模型,对兰州市城关区消防站4 min服务范围进行科学划分,同时考虑多种火灾风险类别进行火灾风险评估,以揭示研究区内火灾风险的空间分布特征;最后,综合分析消防站服务范围与火灾风险区的空间对应关系,对消防站服务覆盖范围进行全面评估。结果显示,城关区现有消防站在火灾高风险区覆盖情况总体较好,但部分站点的服务覆盖区域超出规定的响应范围,建议增设微型消防站以提高响应效率。该研究提供了一种城市消防站服务范围精准划分方法,对优化城市消防资源配置和提升应急管理效率具有指导意义。The traditional method of dividing the service scope of fire station neglects the influence of complex urban road network and road condition on the speed of fire truck to some extent.In this paper,a network weighted Voronoi diagram model is constructed based on road traffic flow,and the 4 minutes service range of fire stations in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City is scientifically divided.Meanwhile,multiple fire risk categories are considered for fire risk assessment,so as to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of fire risk in the study area.Finally,the spatial correspondence between fire station service scope and fire risk area is analyzed comprehensively,and the service coverage of fire station is evaluated comprehensively.The results show that the coverage of existing fire stations in Chengguan District is generally good,but the service coverage area of some stations exceeds the prescribed response range.It is suggested to add micro-fire stations to improve the response efficiency.This study provides a method for accurately dividing the service scope of urban fire stations,which has guiding significance for optimizing the allocation of urban fire resources and improving the efficiency of emergency management.

关 键 词：网络加权Voronoi图 消防站服务范围 火灾风险评估 应急响应 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] TU998.14[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]