基于文化景观基因的传统聚落健康评价  

A health assessment framework for traditional settlements based on cultural landscape genes

作　　者：胡最[1,2] 肖爱华 刘沛林 HU Zui;XIAO Aihua;LIU Peilin(College of Geography and Tourism,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421002;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Digital Preservation and Using Technologies for Historical-Cultural Villages and Towns,Hengyang 421002;Rural Revitalization Institute,Changsha University,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院地理与旅游学院,湖南衡阳421002 [2]传统村镇文化数字化保护与创意利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室,湖南衡阳421002 [3]长沙学院乡村振兴研究院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2025年第2期88-96,共9页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771188、42071195);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20231244)。

摘　　要：针对当前缺乏从文化因子传承角度分析和评判传统聚落景观的健康状态(保存特征)现象,该文借鉴健康评价的思路,结合景观基因理论提出传统聚落健康评价的概念和指标体系,通过熵权法确定指标权重,并将权重值输入SPSSAU中,利用AHP进行一致性检验,采用多目标线性加权函数法对湘南地区传统聚落进行总体健康评价。结果表明:湘南地区的37个传统聚落中,Ⅲ级(较差)、Ⅱ级(一般)、Ⅰ级(良好)健康聚落分别有7个、16个、14个,自然环境、旅游开发、建筑历史和管理机制是影响传统聚落健康的四大因素,传统聚落健康评价结果与实地调研结果相吻合,所构建的传统聚落健康评价指标体系可为开展全国传统聚落连片保护和科学利用提供参考。Traditional Chinese settlements collect and record fruitful traditional cultures and historical information,and gain nationwide public interests and recognition due to their remarkable historical,cultural,aesthetic,scientific,and educational values.However,the research on analyzing and determining the holistic health status or preservation features of traditional settlements from the perspective of cultural factor inheritance is very limited.In order to narrow this gap and nourish the preservation theories and approaches of traditional settlements,this paper first proposed the conception"Health Assessment Framework for Traditional Settlements(HAFTS)"through combing the thinking of medical-health assessment and the theory of cultural landscape gene of traditional settlements.In order to examine HAFTS,the paper constructed a system of measuring indices including four aspects such as environment,architecture,culture,and layout.Based on a case study involving 37 traditional settlements in the southern area of Hunan Province,the calculation methods and levels of HAFTS were determined through bridging analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and entropy weight method(EWM).The multi-objective linear weighting function was used to assess the health of traditional settlements in the southern Hunan Province.The results showed that the levels of HAFTS were classified into three,Ⅰ(with a score from 3 to 5),Ⅱ(with a score from 2 to 3),andⅢ(with a score from 0 to 2),respectively.In the southern Hunan Province,14 villages got a levelⅠ,16 villages got a levelⅡ,and 7 villages got a levelⅢ.The analysis showed that the natural environment,tourism development,architectural history and governmental management mechanism were the four major factors affecting the health of traditional villages.The health evaluation results of traditional villages were consistent with the results of field research.In summary,HAFTS can provide a possible scientific reference for examining the preservation status and dynamics of traditional settlements i

关 键 词：传统聚落 健康评价 景观基因 AHP 熵权法 多目标线性加权函数法 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]