中国主要光学天文台址观测环境质量综合评估  

Comprehensive assessment of the quality of observing environment at major optical observatories in China

作　　者：谭秀娟 吴志峰[1,2] 郑子豪 TAN Xiujuan;WU Zhifeng;ZHENG Zihao(School of Geography and Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006;Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area,MNR,Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学与遥感学院,广东广州510006 [2]自然资源部大湾区地理环境监测重点实验室,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2025年第2期97-104,118,共9页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“高分辨率对地观测系统”(83-Y50G24-9001-22/23);国家自然科学基金项目(42401432)。

摘　　要：光学天文观测对天文台址周边环境异常敏感,台址选择直接影响观测的频率、时间和质量。该文综合选取大气环境、地表下垫面和社会经济3类共16个指标,开展2000年、2010年和2020年中国主要光学天文台址观测环境质量综合评估,并利用地理探测器分析台址观测环境质量的影响因子及其解释力。结果表明:2000—2020年中国主要光学天文台址观测环境质量呈现“西高东低、内陆高沿海低”的特征,青藏高原地区台址的观测环境质量较高,粤港澳大湾区和长三角地区台址的观测环境质量较低;研究期内各台址观测环境质量总体较稳定,仅有6个台址的观测环境质量等级发生变化,其中山东大学威海天文台和鹿林天文台的观测环境质量等级分别在2020年下降和2010年上升;台址观测环境质量的影响因子解释力存在差异,其中活动断层、人类足迹因子的解释力较高,社会经济因子的解释力总体呈现上升趋势。Optical astronomical observations are exceptionally sensitive to the environment surrounding observatories,and the choice of sites of observatories directly affects the frequency,duration and quality of astronomical observations.In this paper,a total of 16 indicators in 3 categories,namely,atmospheric environment,sub-surface bedding,and socio-economy,were selected to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the quality of the observing environment at major optical observatories in China,and the quality of the observing environment and its changes in 2000,2010 and 2020 were analyzed at each site,and the influencing factors on the quality of the observing environment of the selected representative sites and their explanatory power were further detected by using GeoDetector.It is found as follows.①From 2000 to 2020,the observational environmental quality of the major optical observatories in China was characterized by high in the west areas and low in the east areas,and high inland and low along the coast,with higher quality of the observing environment at sites in the Tibetan Plateau region,and lower quality of the observing environment at sites in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Yangtze River Delta region.②In terms of temporal changes,the overall situation of the observational environmental quality of each site was relatively stable.Only the grades of the observing environmental quality at six sites changed.Among them,the environmental quality levels of Weihai Observatory of Shandong University and Lulin Observatory decreased in 2020 and increased in 2010 respectively.③There were differences in the explanatory power of the factors influencing the observational environmental quality at each site,among which the factors with higher explanatory power were active faults and human footprints,the explanatory power of socio-economic factors generally showed an upward trend.

关 键 词：光学天文台址 观测环境 综合评估 主成分分析 地理探测器 中国 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]