岗南水库上游柳林河流域非点源氮污染时空变化特征  

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of non-point source nitrogen pollution in the Liulin River Basin in the upper reaches of Gangnan Reservoir

作　　者：王云霞[1] 史密伟[1] 张艳杰 孟令尧[1] 范锐博 白双艳 张焱[1] 张媛 侯翔龙 WANG Yunxia;SHI Miwei;ZHANG Yanjie;MENG Lingyao;FAN Ruibo;BAI Shuangyan;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Yuan;HOU Xianglong(Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences/Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Geographic Information Application,Shijiazhuang 050011;College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018;Hebei Science and Technology Innovation Service Center,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所/河北省地理信息开发应用技术创新中心,河北石家庄050011 [2]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [3]河北省科技创新服务中心,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2025年第2期111-118,共8页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：河北省科学院科技计划项目(23104、24104)。

摘　　要：岗南水库是石家庄市重要的地表水源地,存在氮浓度超标问题。为掌握岗南水库氮非点源污染的分布情况,以其上游支流柳林河为研究对象,于2020年12月和2021年3月(平水期)、5—6月(枯水期)、7—8月(丰水期)分季采集水样进行实验测定,分析氮的浓度水平、形态特征及时空变化。结果表明:柳林河总氮(TN)浓度平均值为6.34±3.04 mg/L,自源头区便超出Ⅴ类地表水体限值,是影响氮水质评价的关键指标。平水期氮以溶解态和颗粒态形式共存,枯水期和丰水期则主要以溶解态为主。硝态氮(NO-3-N)占可溶性总氮(DTN)的74%~87%,是溶解态氮的主要组分,也是影响柳林河总氮浓度超标的决定性指标。干流的总氮、硝态氮浓度存在显著的季节性差异,变化规律分别为平水期>丰水期>枯水期(P<0.01)和丰水期>平水期>枯水期(P<0.05),各水文期沿河水流向均呈波动下降趋势。柳林河的氮污染物时空分布差异表现为中等变异,土地利用类型和农业生产是影响其总氮、硝态氮浓度变化的重要因素。Gangnan Reservoir,a crucial surface water source for Shijiazhuang City,confronts the issue of excessive nitrogen concentrations.To elucidate the distribution of non-point source nitrogen pollution in the reservoir,the Liulin River Basin,an upstream tributary,was selected as the research subject.Water samples were seasonally collected for experimental measurement in December 2020 and March 2021(normal-flow period),May-June 2021(low-flow period),and July-August 2021(high-flow period).The concentration level,morphological characteristics,temporal and spatial changes of nitrogen were analyzed.The results were as follows.The average concentration of total nitrogen(TN)was 6.34±3.04 mg/L,exceeding the ClassⅤof environmental quality standards for surface water from the headwater regions,and served as the main index affecting the nitrogen evaluation results of river water.During the normal-flow period,nitrogen existed in both dissolved and particulate forms,while it predominantly existed in the dissolved form in the low-flow period and high-flow period.Nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N)accounted for 74%~87%of total dissolved nitrogen(DTN).NO-3-N was the main component of dissolved nitrogen,and also the decisive index of the TN concentration exceeding the standard in Liulin River.Significant seasonal differences were observed in the TN and NO-3-N concentrations in the main stream.For TN,the order was normal-flow period>high-flow period>low-flow period(P<0.01).For NO-3-N,it was high-flow period>normal-flow period>low-flow period(P<0.05).Both exhibited a fluctuating decline along the river flow direction in each hydrological period.The temporal and spatial distribution of nitrogen pollutants showed moderate variation in the Liulin River Basin.Land use type and agricultural activities were important factors,which affected the changes of TN and NO-3-N concentrations.

关 键 词：非点源污染 氮 时空变化 岗南水库 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824