八式太极拳练习对老年人本体感觉和足底皮肤触觉的影响  

The Effect of Eight-form Tai Chi Practice on Proprioception and Plantar Cutaneous Sensation among Older Adults

作　　者：张藤 宋祺鹏[2] 李丽[3] ZHANG Teng;SONG Qi-peng;LI Li

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨体育学院研究生院,黑龙江哈尔滨150008 [2]山东体育学院运动与健康学院,山东济南250102 [3]哈尔滨体育学院运动科学与健康学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150008

出　　处：《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2025年第2期90-96,共7页Journal of Harbin Sport University

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(编号:ZR2022MH163);哈尔滨体育学院博士研究生科研创新项目(编号:DS21-202209)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨16周八式太极拳练习对老年人膝关节、踝关节本体感觉和足底皮肤触觉的影响,为老年人寻找科学的体育锻炼方式提供依据。方法:本研究招募了39名老年人,随机分为太极组(n=26)和对照组(n=13)。太极组进行为期16周的八式太极拳练习,对照组接受16周预防跌倒的健康知识宣教。在练习前和练习后分别对两组进行膝关节、踝关节本体感觉和足底皮肤触觉测试。结果:(1)在膝关节伸展、膝关节屈曲和踝关节背屈的本体感觉阈值上,时间与组别存在显著交互作用。事后检验结果显示,与练习前相比,太极组在16周太极拳练习后,膝关节屈曲、膝关节伸展和踝关节背屈的本体感觉阈值显著降低;对照组无显著性差异。(2)在大脚趾和足跟部位的足底皮肤触觉阈值上,时间与组别存在显著交互作用。事后检验结果显示,与练习前相比,太极组在16周练习后,大脚趾和足跟部位的足底皮肤触觉阈值(P<0.001)显著性低;对照组无显著性差异。结论:为期16周的八式太极拳练习能够显著提高老年人的本体感觉和足底皮肤触觉,表明八式太极拳是一种适合老年人进行锻炼的有效方式。Objective:The study aimed to determine the effects of a 16-week eight-form Tai Chi practice on proprioception and plantar cutaneous sensation and to find the scientific exercise for older adults.Methods:Thirty-nine older adults were recruited and randomly divided into the Tai Chi group(n=26)and control group(n=13).The Tai Chi group experienced a 16-week eight-form Tai Chi practice;the control group received a health education only.Pre/post tests were scheduled during week 0 and week 17.Results:(1)The interaction for knee extension/flexion and ankle dorsiflexion proprioception thresholds were detected.After 16 weeks of eight-form Tai Chi practice,the knee flexion,knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion proprioception threshold significantly decreased.There was no significant difference in the control group.(2)The interaction for the hallux and heel(P=0.034)cutaneous sensation thresholds were detected.After a 16-week eight-form Tai Chi practice,the hallux and heel cutaneous sensation thresholds significantly decreased.There was no significant difference in the control group.Conclusions:Tai Chi practice could improve proprioception and plantar cutaneous sensation among older adults.Eight-form Tai Chi practice is a suitable form of exercise among older adults.

关 键 词：八式太极拳 老年人 本体感觉 足底皮肤触觉 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]