基于COMSOL的半逆流型筒式磁选机分选过程仿真研究  

Simulation on Separation Process of Semi-countercurrent Drum Magnetic Separator Based on COMSOL

作　　者：谢金成 姜亚雄[1,2] 任祥君 陈禄政 薛子兴[1] XIE Jincheng;JIANG Yaxiong;REN Xiangjun;CHEN Luzheng;XUE Zixing(Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Gold Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650200,China;SLon Magnetic Separator Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南黄金矿业集团股份有限公司,昆明650200 [3]赣州金环磁选科技装备股份有限公司,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《有色金属(中英文)》2025年第1期99-105,共7页Nonferrous Metals

摘　　要：半逆流型筒式磁选机是关键的弱磁选设备,具有操作简单、运行维护成本低、指标稳定等优点,但针对该备磁选过程的机理研究鲜有报道,随着入选物料的不断细化,如何高效回收微细粒矿物也成为半逆流型筒式磁选机面临的新问题。为此,采用COMSOL仿真软件对半逆流型筒式磁选过程进行模拟,揭示其流场/磁场分布特征及矿粒捕获特征。结果表明,矿浆在进入分选区之前流速较小,穿过分选区时流速较快,分选筒附近存在一层流速较快的区域,这有利于矿浆的分散和矿粒的选择性捕获;磁系中永磁块N-S交叉排列使分选筒表面的磁场大小和方向快速交变,不仅能增加矿粒所受磁力大小,还有利于磁性矿粒在分选筒表面的翻滚,进而提高分选的选择性;考查不同条件下矿粒的捕获规律发现,-20μm微细磁铁矿的回收难度大,增大磁场强度、降低给矿流量、缩小分选筒间隙能强化其回收。在实践中,通过采用“高场强+窄间隙+适中给矿流量”的调控策略,使云南某微细粒氰化尾渣中的磁性铁回收率从不足70%提高至90%以上,成效显著。Semi-countercurrent drum magnetic separator(SDMS)is a key low-intensity magnetic separator,which has the advantages of simple operation,low maintenance costs and consistent separation efficiency,etc..But few research papers have reported the mechanism of its separation process.As the feeding size gets smaller,highly efficient recovery of microgranular minerals becomes a new issue faced by the SDMS.The COMSOL multiphysics software was used to establish a simulation model for the SDMS process,to reveal its flow field distribution,magnetic field distribution and particle trapping characteristics.The simulation results showed that in the SDMS process,the pulp flow rate was low before entering into the separation zone of the separator,but it turned faster when passing through the separation zone,and a fast-flow layer existing in the vicinity of the drum helped to disperse the pulp and improve selectivity.The N-S poles arrangement of the permanent magnet blocks in the magnet system made the magnitude and direction of magnetic induction on the drum surface change rapidly,which not only intensified the magnetic force acting on magnetic particles,but also benefited the rolling of magnetic particles on the drum surface,and further improved the selectivity.The investigation on particle capture law under different operation conditions found that recovering magnetite of-20μm was very difficult,but increasing the magnetic induction,reducing the feeding flow rate,and shrinking the separation gap could help to intensify its recovery.Since a low feeding rate means low throughout,a combined strategy of a high magnetic induction,a small separation gap and a suitable feeding rate was recommended to enhance the recovery of microgranular magnetite.After using this strategy,the recovery of a cyanide tailing was dramatically enhanced from less than 70%to above 90%.

关 键 词：磁选 半逆流型筒式磁选机 COMSOL仿真 超细磁铁矿回收 

分 类 号：TD924[矿业工程—选矿] TD457