基于762 mm直径空孔直眼掏槽爆破参数优化研究  

Optimization of Blasting Parameters Based on 762 mm Diameter Empty-Hole Straight-hole Cutting

作　　者：杨成杰 张智宇[1] 孟佳乐 曾晓昌 YANG Chengjie;ZHANG Zhiyu;MENG Jiale;ZENG Xiaochang(Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Diqing Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd.,Shangri-La 674400,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司,云南香格里拉674400

出　　处：《有色金属(中英文)》2025年第1期116-128,共13页Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52064025);云南省重大科技项目(202202AG050014)。

摘　　要：针对某矿山聚矿槽爆破存在炮孔炸药未完全起爆、成槽效果不佳、悬顶等问题,采用ANSYS/LS-dyna软件对不同直径空孔和762 mm直径空孔直眼掏槽爆破参数进行数值模拟和现场试验研究。结果表明:762 mm大直径空孔不仅具有100 mm直径空孔的作用,且比100 mm直径空孔应力集中效应和应力波导向作用更明显、提供了更大自由面和补偿空间。而且在条件允许的情况下,762 mm直径空孔比常规掏槽爆破所需空孔数量更少,其工艺也更加简单;根据不同掏槽孔间距与不同辅助炮孔间距的爆腔面积,确定出切割爆破的最佳参数为掏槽孔间距0.95 m、辅助炮孔间距0.88 m;将数值模拟结果应用于现场试验,降低炸药单耗15%且一定程度上降低了大块率,为指导矿山生产起积极作用,研究结果对确定切割天井爆破成井方案以及参数选择具有一定意义。Aiming at the problems of incomplete detonation of blasthole explosives,poor grooving effect and suspended roof in the blasting of a mine's ore-gathering groove,ANSYS/LS-dyna software was used to carry out numerical simulation and field test on the blasting parameters of different diameter empty holes and 762 mm diameter empty holes.The results showed that the 762 mm large diameter empty hole not only had the same effect as the 100 mm diameter empty hole,but also had more obvious stress concentration effect and stress waveguide direction effect than the 100 mm diameter empty hole,providing a larger free surface and compensation space.Moreover,if conditions permit,the number of empty holes required for 762 mm diameter empty hole blasting was less than that of conventional cut blasting,and its process was simpler.According to the blasting cavity area of different cutting hole spacing and different auxiliary hole spacing,the optimal parameters of cutting blasting were determined as 0.95 m of cutting hole spacing and 0.88 m of auxiliary hole spacing.The numerical simulation results were applied to the field test,which reduced the specific charge explosives by 15%and reduced the bulk rate to a certain extent.It plays a positive role in guiding mine production.The research results have certain significance for determining the cutting patio blasting well completion scheme and parameter selection.

关 键 词：聚矿槽 大直径空孔 直眼掏槽 掏槽爆破 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]