基于Cyt b-16S rRNA序列探讨西宁市北川河高原鳅的遗传多样性  

Investigation of the Genetic Diversity of Triplophysa from Beichuan River in Xining Based on the Concatenated Sequence of Cyt b-16S rRNA

作　　者：王正莉 杨增平 杨明 郭乾地 马晓英 陈孟岚 王慧琳 郭欣乐 李国刚 Wang Zhengli;Yang Zengping;Yang Ming;Guo Qiandi;Ma Xiaoying;Chen Menglan;Wang Huilin;Guo Xinle;Li Guogang(School of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University/Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining 810016,China;National Positioning Observation Research Station of Forest Ecosystem on the Southern Slope of Qilian Mountains in Qinghai,Huzhu 810500,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院/高原科学与可持续发展研究院,西宁810016 [2]青海省青藏高原生物多样性形成机制与综合利用重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]青海祁连山南坡森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,互助810500

出　　处：《青海科技》2024年第6期188-198,共11页Qinghai Science and Technology

摘　　要：在西宁市北川河采集高原鳅属(Triplophysa)鱼类5个种群共124个个体,以线粒体Cyt b与16S rRNA基因为标记,通过生物信息学分析高原鳅属种群遗传多样性和系统发育关系。将Cyt b和16S rRNA线粒体基因片段联合起来做系统发育分析,全长2 235 bp的Cyt b-16S rRNA序列中界定了72个单倍型。系统发育进化树显示,拟硬刺高原鳅(T. pseudoscleroptera)、斯氏高原鳅(T.stoliczkai)和东方高原鳅(T.orientali)聚为一支,另一支为粗壮高原鳅(T.robusta)和黄河高原鳅(T.pappenheimi)。遗传多样性分析结果表明,4个种群单倍型多样度(Hd)范围在0.945 0~1.000 0之间,核苷酸多样度(Pi)在0.001 2~0.004 5之间。粗壮高原鳅遗传多样性水平最高(Hd=0.987,Pi=0.004 5),拟硬刺高原鳅遗传多样性水平最低(Hd=0.945,Pi=0.001 2)。斯氏高原鳅与粗壮高原鳅间的遗传距离最远,为0.127;遗传距离最近的是拟硬刺高原鳅和斯氏高原鳅,为0.059。构建单倍型网络图,5种高原鳅属鱼类种间没有共享单倍型,严格按物种分为5支,分别对应北川河所采到的5种高原鳅属鱼类。通过分子研究,鉴定出的高原鳅中样本数量最多的为拟硬刺高原鳅,共82尾;最少的为东方高原鳅,仅有1尾。该研究为进一步对高原鳅属鱼类系统分类研究提供资料,以期对高原鳅保护措施提供遗传学依据。In this paper,a total of 124 individuals from 5 species of Triploptera were collected from Beichuan River in Xining.Using mitochondrial Cyt b and 16S rRNA genes as markers,the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Triplophysa population are analyzed by bioinformatics.The concatenated sequence by the Cyt b and 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene fragments is used to phylogenetic analysis.72 haplotypes are identified in the Cyt b-16S rRNA sequence which length is 2,235 bp.Our phylogenetic tree shows that T.pseudoscleroptera,T.stoliczkai,and T.orientali are clustered in a branch,T.robusta and T.pappenheimi are clustered in anther branch.The genetic diversity analysis shows that the haplotype diversity(Hd)of the four species ranged from 0.945,0 to 1.000,0 and the nucleotide diversity(Pi)of the four species ranged from 0.001,2~0.004,5.Among them,the genetic diversity level of T.robusta is the highest(Hd=0.987,Pi=0.004,5),while T.pseudoscleroptera is the lowest(Hd=0.945,Pi=0.001,2).T.orientali do not participate in the calculation of genetic diversity due to it has only one.The greatest genetic distance between T.stoliczkai and T.robusta is 0.127,while the closest genetic distance between T.pseudoscleroptera and T.stoliczkai is 0.059.Based on the haplotype network diagram,there have no shared haplotype between five species of Triploptera,and they are strictly divided into five clades which are correspond to the five species of Triploptera collected from Beichuan River,respectively.Through molecular studies,the maximum number of samples identified is 82 T.pseudoscleroptera,and the minimum is 1 T.orientali.This study provides data for further study on the systematic classification and genetic evidence for protective measures of Triploptera.

关 键 词：高原鳅属 线粒体DNA 物种鉴定 系统发育关系 

分 类 号：Q959.499[生物学—动物学]