金属空心球复合结构的吸声性能  

Sound absorption properties of metal hollow spheres composite structure

作　　者：敖庆波[1] 王建忠[1] 樊永霞 马军[1] AO Qingbo;WANG Jianzhong;FAN Yongxia;MA Jun(State Key Laboratory of Porous Metals Materials,Northwest Institute forNon Ferrous Metal Research,Xi'an 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北有色金属研究院,金属多孔材料国家重点实验室,西安710016

出　　处：《功能材料》2025年第3期3121-3125,共5页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：中国载人航天工程空间应用系统资助项目(KJZ-YY-NCL104),秦创原引用高层次创新创业人才项目(QCYRCXM-2022-182)。

摘　　要：以金属空心球为基体,利用胶粘法将空心球堆叠成简单立方和密排六方两种典型结构,通过真空烧结制成空心球复合吸声结构。对具有不同材料厚度、空腔厚度、堆叠方式、空心球的材质及大小等结构参数的复合结构进行吸声性能测试,分析结构参数对吸声性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着样品厚度从5 mm增加到20 mm的过程中,第一吸声峰出现在测试频率区域50~6400 Hz内,并从高频区向中低频方向移动;在样品后侧添加空腔,可以使其吸声-频率曲线向中低频移动,且空腔厚度越大,移动的距离越大;空心球的直径越小,复合结构吸声性能越优异;空心球的制备工艺、大小和堆叠方式一致时,材质对复合结构吸声性能的影响效果很小;以密排六方形式堆叠的空心球复合结构较简单立方结构在全频范围内吸声性能好且性价比高。In this paper,metal hollow spheres were used as raw materials and stacked into two typical structures,simple cubic and close-packed hexagonal,by adhesive method.The hollow spheres composite structure made by vacuum sintering.The sound absorption properties of the composite structures were tested in different thicknesses,cavity thicknesses,stacking methods,materials and diameter of the spheres.The influence of the structural parameters on the sound absorption performance were analyzed.The results showed that as the sample thickness increased from 5 mm to 20 mm,the first sound absorption peak appeared in the testing frequency range of 50-6400 Hz,and moved from the high frequency range to the mid-low frequency direction.Adding a cavity to the back of the sample could shift its sound absorption-frequency curve towards mid to low frequencies,and the thicker the cavity,the greater the distance of movement.The smaller the diameter of the hollow sphere,the better the sound absorption performance of the composite structure.When the preparation process,size and stacking method of hollow spheres were consistent,the effect of material on the sound absorption performance of composite structures was minimal.The composite structure stacked in close-packed hexagonal had better sound absorption performance and higher cost-effectiveness in the full frequency range compared to simple cubic structure.

关 键 词：金属空心球 吸声性能 复合结构 堆叠方式 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]