高等教育理论建构的尺度——以马丁·特罗高等教育发展阶段理论为例  

The Scale of Constructing Theories of Higher Education:Taking Martin Trow’s Theory of Stages of Higher Education Development as an Example

作　　者：王一川 蒋凯[1] WANG Yichuan;JIANG Kai(Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2025年第3期33-41,共9页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金社科学术社团主题学术活动“我国高等教育治理现代化关键问题研究”(22STA010)的研究成果。

摘　　要：每一种理论在解释力上都有其尺度限制。社会科学理论的尺度包括内部尺度和外部尺度,内部尺度代表了概念意义上的研究对象及其外延性的边界,外部尺度代表了理论维持其解释力的时间和空间边界。正确认识高等教育理论的尺度,是理解理论价值的基础。以马丁·特罗的高等教育发展阶段理论为例,理论的内部尺度被误读,导致高等教育发展从量变到质变的界限被误解;理论的外部尺度受到忽视,使得原生理论在传播中形成了众多衍生理论。内部尺度决定了理解理论的角度,外部尺度决定了理论的一般性和特殊性。高等教育理论建构不能回避理论的尺度,应当积极建构大外部尺度下一般性的高等教育理论。Each theory is persuasive only within the limits of scale.The scale of social science theories includes internal and external scale.The internal scale represents the boundary of the research object and its extensibility in the conceptual sense,and the external scale represents the time-space boundary within which the theory maintains persuasiveness.A correct understanding of scale is the basis for understanding the true value of a theory.Martin Trow’s theory of stages of higher education development as an example,has been misinterpreted in terms of the theory’s internal scale,leading to a misunderstanding of the boundary between quantitative and qualitative changes in higher education development;due to the neglect of the external scale,the original theory has formed numerous derivative theories in its transmission.The internal scale of a theory determines the perspective of understanding,and the external scale determines the generality and specificity of the theory.The construction of higher education theories should not avoid the ideal scale,and researchers should actively participate in the construction of a general theory of higher education under a larger external scale.

关 键 词：高等教育理论 理论尺度 马丁·特罗 高等教育发展阶段理论 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]