汽车润滑油在低温启动工况下的流动性增强方案  

Flow enhancement scheme for automotive lubricating oil under low-temperature starting conditions

作　　者：范汝朋 孙鑫 Fan Rupeng;Sun Xin(Dong'e County Vocational Education Center School,Dong'e 252200,China;Shandong Karst Spring Inspection and Testing Center Co.,Ltd.,Dong'e 252200,China)

机构地区：[1]东阿县职业教育中心学校,山东东阿252200 [2]山东岩溶泉检验检测中心有限公司,山东东阿252200

出　　处：《汽车知识》2025年第3期56-58,共3页AUTOMOTIVE KNOWLEDGE

摘　　要：汽车在低温启动时,润滑油的流动性对发动机的正常运转至关重要。本研究旨在探讨增强汽车润滑油在低温启动工况下流动性的方案。首先,分析了低温对润滑油流动性的影响因素,如润滑油自身的成分与结构等。其次,阐述了改进润滑油配方的方法,如调整基础油类型和使用添加剂对发动机预热系统优化。最后,探讨了润滑油储存和使用环境的合理控制措施。这些方案的综合实施可有效增强汽车润滑油在低温启动工况下的流动性,减少发动机磨损,提高汽车在低温环境下的启动性能和可靠性。The fluidity of the lubricant is crucial to the normal operation of the engine when the car is started at low temperatures.The purpose of this study is to discuss the programme to enhance the fluidity of automotive lubricants under low-temperature starting conditions.Firstly,the study analyses the influence of low tempera‐ture on lubricant fluidity,such as the composition and structure of the lubricant itself.Secondly,the study describes ways to improve the lubricant formulation,such as adjusting the type of base oil and the use of addi‐tives and optimising the engine preheating system.Finally,the study discusses the reasonable control measures of lubricant storage and use environment.Through the comprehensive implementation of these programmes,it is expected to effectively enhance the fluidity of automotive lubricants under low-temperature starting condi‐tions,reduce engine wear,and improve the starting performance and reliability of automobiles in low-temperature environments.

关 键 词：汽车润滑油 低温启动 流动性增强 润滑油配方 预热系统 

分 类 号：U473.6[机械工程—车辆工程]