从“两个必然”到“两个决不会”的思想进路  

The Thought Approach from the"Two Inevitabilities"to the"Two Impossibilities"

作　　者：杨军 杨卓然 Yang Jun;Yang Zhuoran

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2025年第2期47-56,共10页Studies on Marxist Theory

基　　金：教育部“全国高校思政课建设项目:全国高校思政课名师工作室(武汉大学)”(21SZJS42010486)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：马克思、恩格斯在提出“两个必然”的论断后,从1848年到1859年,运用唯物史观分析1848年欧洲革命中资产阶级、无产阶级、封建地主和农民的现实表现,明确了当时无产阶级在政治、思想和组织上都不成熟。以英国为样本,他们考察了资产阶级生产关系、资本主义世界体系和资产阶级统治方式,确认了资本主义具有上升发展的潜力。他们对自身理论观点进行科学反思,通过利用新材料、研究重大事件、总结新的实践经验等方式,深化了对社会革命的客观前提、主体条件、时机等问题的认识。经过11年的研究,马克思、恩格斯提出了“两个决不会”的论断。从“两个必然”到“两个决不会”的思想进路,展示了理论与实践的辩证关系和马克思、恩格斯严谨科学的研究态度。After proposing the thesis of the"Two Inevitabilities,"Marx and Engels,from 1848 to 1859,employed historical materialism to analyze the concrete manifestations of the bourgeoisie,proletariat,feudal landlords,and peasants during the 1848 European revolutions.They explicitly recognized that,at that time,the proletariat was politically,ideologically,and organizationally immature.Using Britain as a case study,they examined the bourgeois relations of production,the capitalist world system,and the modes of bourgeois rule,affirming that capitalism possessed the potential for further development.Through rigorous self-reflection on their theoretical perspectives,they deepened their understanding of the objective prerequisites,subjective conditions,and timing of social revolution by incorporating new materials,studying major historical events,and summarizing new practical experiences.After eleven years of research,Marx and Engels put forward the thesis of the"Two Impossibilities."The approach to thought from the"Two Inevitabilities"to the"Two Impossibilities"illustrates the dialectical relationship between theory and practice,as well as Marx and Engels'rigorous research methodology.

关 键 词：两个必然 两个决不会 无产阶级革命 思想进路 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]