马克思晚年政治经济学批判“断裂”论辨析——基于MEGA^(2)Ⅳ/27的考察  

Analysis of the Theory of"Rupture"in Political Economy Criticism of Marx's Thought in His Later Years:Based on MEGA^(2)Ⅳ/27

作　　者：吕宏山 LüHongshan

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2025年第2期57-66,共10页Studies on Marxist Theory

基　　金：湖北省重点马克思主义学院项目“马克思主义基础理论的若干重大问题研究”(21ZDMY08)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：马克思晚年广泛地阅读与摘录,是否与致力于政治经济学批判的《资本论》之间存在某种思想“断裂”?新近出版的MEGA^(2)Ⅳ/27具体展现了马克思对古典人类学浓厚的兴趣和敏锐的政治经济学批判眼光。马克思借助古典人类学著述,弄清了前资本主义社会各共同体的组织原则、历史序列和土地制度安排,批判了柯瓦列夫斯基等人视村庄共同体瓦解方向为封建化的提法,阐述了人类早期的财产历史,回击了有关私有制永恒的观点,斥责了英法等国的殖民地同质化政策,揭示了殖民政策背后深层的现代世界体系逻辑。总之,马克思延续了《资本论》“广义的政治经济学”研究,在与不同文化的比较与分析中,溯源了所有制的历史、发展了历史唯物主义并批判了现代世界体系,完善了资本主义生产方式的理论批判。In Marx later years,his widely read and excerpted,is there"real"ideological"break"between this and Capital,which is devoted to political economy criticism?The newly published MEGA^(2)IV/27 demonstrates Marx's keen interest in classical anthropology and his keen critical vision of political economy.With the help of classical anthropological works,he was able to clarify the organizational principles,historical sequences and land institutional arrangements of various communities in pre-capitalist society,criticized Kovalevsky and others'view that the disintegration direction of village communities was feudalized,expounded the property history of early mankind,rejected the view that private ownership was eternal,and rebuked the colonial homogenization policies of Britain and France and other countries.It reveals the deep logic of modern world system behind colonial policy.In short,Marx continued the"broad political economy"of Capital,traced the history of ownership,developed historical materialism and criticized the modern world system in the comparison and analysis of different cultures",and improved the theoretical criticism of the capitalist mode of production.

关 键 词：马克思晚年 政治经济学批判 古典人类学 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]