废旧磷酸铁锂与钴酸锂正极材料协同提锂试验研究  

Synergistic Leaching of Lithium from Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate and Lithium Cobalt Oxide Cathode Materials

作　　者：卢人航 蒋春生 刘兰进 张忠堂[1] 严康[1] LU Renhang;JIANG Chunsheng;LIU Lanjin;ZHANG Zhongtang;YAN Kang(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Green and Low-Carbon Metallurgy of Strategic Nonferrous Metals,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiangxi Ruida New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yichun 336000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学战略有色金属绿色低碳冶金江西省重点实验室,江西赣州341000 [2]江西睿达新能源科技有限公司,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2025年第2期143-150,共8页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52464047);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20242BAB25250,20224BAB214040,20232BAB204036);赣鄱俊才支持计划·青年科技人才托举项目(2024QT06)。

摘　　要：研究了利用废旧磷酸铁锂(LFP)和钴酸锂(LCO)电池正极材料协同浸出锂,通过热力学分析了工艺可行性,考察了各因素对协同浸出的影响,并通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对浸出渣进行了表征。结果表明:在不添加任何氧化剂或还原剂条件下,LFP与LCO能在酸性体系中协同浸出锂;在硫酸浓度0.7 mol/L、浸出温度40℃、浸出时间60 min、n(LCO)∶n(LFP)=0.5、液固体积质量比10 mL/1 g最佳浸出条件下,废旧电池正极材料中的Li、Co、Fe、P浸出率分别为99.99%、99.99%、48.00%、43.77%。该法可实现在低酸条件下从复杂电池正极材料中回收有价金属的目的,具有一定推广应用价值。The process of synergistic leaching of lithium from waste lithium iron phosphate(LFP)and lithium cobalt oxide(LCO)battery cathode materials was studied,and the feasibility was analyzed by thermodynamics.The influence of various factors on synergistic leaching was investigated,and the leaching slag was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that LFP and LCO can synergistically leach lithium in an acidic system without adding any oxidant or reducing agent.The leaching rates of Li,Co,Fe and P in the cathode materials of waste batteries are 99.99%,99.99%,48.00%and 43.77%,respectively,under the optimal leaching conditions of sulfuric acid concentration of 0.7 mol/L,leaching temperature of 40℃,leaching time of 60 min,n(LCO)∶n(LFP)=0.5 and liquid volume to solid mass ratio of 10 mL/1 g.The method can realize the purpose of recovering valuable metals from complex battery cathode materials under low acid conditions,and has certain popularization and application value.

关 键 词：磷酸铁锂 钴酸锂 正极材料 协同浸出 回收 锂 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]