妖、人、佛:女性主义视域下传奇《雷峰塔》与话剧《青蛇》中人物形象的比较  

Demon,Human,Buddha:A Feminist Perspective on Character Portrayal in the Classical Opera Leifeng Pagoda and Modern Drama Green Snake

作　　者：林吴峻民 苏杭 LINWU Junmin;SU Hang(School of Arts,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou Fujian 363000,China;Postdoctoral Research Station,Central Academy of Drama,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学艺术学院,福建漳州363000 [2]中央戏剧学院博士后流动站,北京102209

出　　处：《盐城工学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期77-84,共8页Journal of Yancheng Institute of Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：在众多有关“蛇妖”的古代志怪小说文本中,“白蛇传”可谓是其中流传最广、最为精彩的代表作之一。两百多年前,方成培在民间戏曲的基础上改编的传奇《雷峰塔》将白蛇刻画成“真、善、美”的化身,将黄图珌版本中的“白娘子被镇许仙得道”变成了“许宣与白娘子双双得道”的结局,第一次完成了从“妖”到“人”,最后成“佛”的叙事逻辑体系,大力倡导“妻贤、母慈、子孝”的儒家思想和佛教精神,将“妖”以“第二性”的身份,在父权文化为主导的各种话语合谋中,归入封建政治秩序和传统家庭道德伦理之中。如今,当代导演田沁鑫在女性主义视域下,颠覆了《雷峰塔》所构建的男权话语和封建道德伦理秩序,重新阐释“人、妖、佛”的精神内涵,消解元文本中的男性中心叙事,重塑两性形象,彰显中国当代女性反叛传统、摆脱规训的追求。同时,话剧《青蛇》还通过呈现当代女性在个体精神无所依傍的时代环境下的自我认同困境,流露出对当代人文精神失落、社会失范以及个体内在品格崩溃的失望与反思。Among the many classical supernatural narratives featuring snake spirits,The Legend of the White Snake stands as one of the most widely circulated and compelling works.Over two centuries ago,Fang Chengpei adapted the folk opera into Leifeng Pagoda,portraying the White Snake as an embodiment of"truth,goodness,and beauty."He transformed Huang Tuyue's ending of"White Lady's subjugation and Xu Xuan's enlightenment"into"mutual enlightenment of Xu Xuan and White Lady,"establis-hing for the first time a narrative progression from demon to human to Buddha.This version promoted Confucian values of"virtu-ous wife,kind mother,and filial child"alongside Buddhist spirituality,positioning the supernatural feminine as"the Second Sex"within patriarchal discourse and traditional moral frameworks.Contemporary director Tian Qinxin's feminist reinterpretation subverts this patriarchal narrative and feudal moral order,reconceptualizing the human-demon-Buddha relationship,deconstruct-ing male-centered storytelling,and reimagining gender representations to reflect modern Chinese women's resistance against tradi-tional constraints.Moreover,Green Snake explores contemporary womens identity struggles in an era of spiritual uncertainty,re-flecting broader concerns about the loss of humanistic values,social norms,and individual integrity.

关 键 词：《青蛇》 《雷峰塔》 田沁鑫 女性主义 

分 类 号：I207.34[文学—中国文学]