基于分离式霍普金森杆的铝合金板料高速冲击液压成形有限元模拟与试验研究  

Finite element simulation and experimental study on high-speed impact hydroforming of aluminum alloy sheet based on split-Hopkinson pressure bar

作　　者：李旺 张团卫 常慧 赵聃 毛周朱[1,2] 魏慧杰 焦志明 王志华 LI Wang;ZHANG Tuan-wei;CHANG Hui;ZHAO Dan;MAO Zhou-zhu;WEI Hui-jie;JIAO Zhi-ming;WANG Zhi-hua(Institute of Applied Mechanics,College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Material Strength and Structural Impact,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院应用力学研究所,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学山西省材料强度与结构冲击重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2025年第3期78-89,共12页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12225207,12102291,12072220);山西省科技创新人才团队(领军)专项资助项目(202204051002006)。

摘　　要：针对轻质合金室温塑性较差的难成形问题,利用分离式霍普金森压杆技术进行了高速冲击和高速冲击液压成形的试验设计,对5052铝合金高速冲击及高速冲击液压成形过程进行数值模拟和试验分析,研究了高速冲击液压成形过程和冲击速度、板料厚度对成形深度和效果的影响规律。结果表明:仿真和试验结果吻合较好,验证了仿真的可靠性。在5052铝合金板料高速冲击液压成形过程中,双冲击体形式存在二次加载现象,第1次冲击波达到峰值之前,板料出现“平底现象”,当反射波到达一定位置,板料深度继续增加。随着冲击速度的增加,成形深度逐渐增加;板料成形厚度的增加需要更大的冲击能量。高速冲击液压成形与高速冲击成形相比有显著优势,既可以提高成形零件的表面质量,又可以在同等成形深度要求下减小冲击速度和能量。Aiming at the difficult forming problem of light alloy with poor ductility at room temperature,the experiment design of high-speed impact and high-speed impact hydroforming was carried out by using the split-Hopkinson pressure bar technology.Numerical simu-lation and experimental analysis were conducted on the high-speed impact and high-speed impact hydroforming processes of 5052 alumi-num alloy to study the process of high-speed impact hydroforming and the influence of impact velocity and sheet thickness on the forming depth and effect.The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experiment results,and the reliability of the simulation is verified.In the process of high-speed impact hydroforming of 5052 aluminum alloy sheet,there is a secondary loading phe-nomenon in the form of double impact bodies.Before the first shock wave reaches the peak,the sheet appears“flat bottom phenomenon”.When the reflected wave reaches a certain position,the sheet depth continues to increase.With the increase of impact velocity,the form-ing depth increases gradually.The increase of sheet forming thickness requires greater impact energy.Compared with high-speed impact forming,high-speed impact hydroforming has obvious advantages,which can not only improve the surface quality of formed parts,but also reduce the impact speed and energy with the same forming depth requirement.

关 键 词：冲击液压成形 分离式霍普金森杆 5052铝合金板料 有限元模拟 成形工艺试验 

分 类 号：TG394[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]