大直径白铜管有外模扩径拉拔数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of expansion drawing with external die for large-diameter cupronickel pipes

作　　者：朱正康 李文兵 蔡军 黄培根 高兴年 宋蔚 王文 王快社 ZHU Zheng-kang;LI Wen-bing;CAI Jun;HUANG Pei-gen;GAO Xing-nian;SONG Wei;WANG Wen;WANG Kuai-she(National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials Processing,School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China;Gansu Hehong New Material Co.,Ltd.,Jinchuan Group Precision Copper Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院功能材料加工国家地方联合工程研究中心,陕西西安710055 [2]金川集团精密铜材有限公司甘肃和宏新材料有限公司,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2025年第3期99-106,共8页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3804001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374400);陕西省重点研发计划(2022JBGS2-01);陕西省教育厅产业化项目(21JC020);甘肃省重点科技攻关项目(20ZD7GC009);陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2023KXJ-012)。

摘　　要：基于Deform-3D软件模拟了Φ254 mm×12 mm生产Φ300 mm×8 mm大直径BFe10-1-1白铜管有外模扩径过程,结合实验表征,分析了有外模扩径过程中管材的应力演变规律、管材形变流动规律及影响。结果表明,BFe10-1-1白铜管扩径过程中,等效应力为内壁≈外壁>次内壁≈次外壁>中间层,最大为319 MPa,内外层与中间层等效应力差值在50 MPa以内。周向应力在未扩径部分为内层拉应力,外层压应力;扩径部分变化为内层压应力,外层拉应力,管材内外层周向应力沿0 MPa呈现出高度对称性。管材不均匀程度随扩径道次数逐渐增加,扩径拉拔4道次后内壁径向位移高于外壁4.2 mm。扩径前后管材晶粒取向由<001>向<101>偏转,晶粒由等轴状向周向拉长。母材平均晶粒尺寸49.54μm,扩径后变为内壁15.65μm,中间层17.17μm,外壁25.26μm,晶粒细化且沿壁厚方向由内至外增大。Expansion process with external die for large-diameter cupronickel pipes fromΦ254 mm×12 mm toΦ300 mm×8 mm was sim-ulated by Deform-3D software.The stress evolution laws and the law and influences of pipes deformation and flow during external die ex-pansion process were analyzed,combining experimental characterization.The results show that during the expansion process of BFe10-1-1 cupronickel pipes,the effective stress is inner wall≈outer wall>secondary inner wall≈secondary outer wall>middle layer,with the max-imum value of 319 MPa.The difference in effective stress between the inner and outer layers and the middle layer is within 50 MPa.The circumferential stress in the unexpanded part is tensile stress on the inner layer and compressive stress on the outer layer;the circumferen-tial stress changes in the expanded section to compressive stress on the inner layer and tensile stress on the outer layer.The circumferen-tial stress on the inner and outer layers of the pipe material exhibits highly symmetric distribution along the 0 MPa.The degree of non-uni-formity of the pipe material increases gradually with the number of expansion pass,and the radial displacement of the inner wall is 4.2 mm higher than that of the outer wall after four expansion drawing passes.The grain orientation of the pipe material before and after expansion changes from<001>to<101>,and the grains become elongated in the radial direction.The average grain size of the base material is 49.54μm,which becomes 15.65μm on the inner wall after expansion,17.17μm on the middle layer,and 25.26μm on the outer wall.The grains are refined and increase in size from the inner wall to the outer wall along the thickness direction.

关 键 词：大直径白铜管 有外模扩拉拔 变形不均匀 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG356.5[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]