白马雪山野生植物资源利用现况调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis of the Utilization Status of Wild Plant Resources in Baima Snow Mountain

作　　者：江次农布 杨建强 斯那劳丁 马运军 张鹏万 史岩 木艳春 和雁楠 Jiangcinongbu;Yang Jianqiang;Sinalaoding;Ma Yunjun;Zhang Pengwan;Shi Yan;Mu Yanchun;He Yannan(Quzonggong Ecological Positioning Monitoring Station,Administration and Protection Bureau of Yunnan Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve,Deqin 674500,Yunnan,China;Quzonggong Management Office,Deqin Branch,Administration and Protection Bureau of Yunnan Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve,Deqin 674500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区管护局曲宗贡生态定位监测站,云南德钦674500 [2]云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区管护局德钦分局曲宗贡管理所,云南德钦674500

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第3期113-116,120,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：致力于探索云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区实验区内奔子栏镇叶日村4个村民小组(永堆小组、日能小组、白仁小组、尼龙保小组)野生植物资源的利用现状,为实现可持续利用及保护提供有力依据。在2020年10月17—18日、2021年11月1日、2022年10月26日这3个时间段,针对4个村民小组的随机50户农户(每户1人)进行野生植物资源利用的社区访谈,统计农户全年的采集总量(松茸、冬虫夏草、羊肚菌、川贝母)等相关数据,通过入户一对一访谈与集体访谈相结合的方式,收集被访谈人的信息、物种名称、采集时间与地点、采集方式、数量、采用部位、物种售卖价格等内容。调查表明:2020—2022年,从访谈采集人员的学历来看,本科学历比例极低,小学学历和文盲占比较大。具体的采集总量情况为(鲜货):2020年,松茸3949 kg、冬虫夏草6041株、羊肚菌96.5 kg、川贝母8.4 kg;2021年,松茸3056.5 kg、冬虫夏草6635株、羊肚菌113.5 kg、川贝母8.1 kg;2022年,松茸3277 kg、冬虫夏草6720株、羊肚菌125.5 kg、川贝母2.2 kg。价格方面,2020—2022年,松茸(鲜货)价格为150~400元/kg,冬虫夏草稳定在40元/株,羊肚菌(鲜货)为150~200元/kg,川贝母(鲜货)为600~700元/kg。可以得出:采集人员文化程度偏低;松茸采集量最多但有起伏,冬虫夏草和羊肚菌的采集量呈上升态势,川贝母的采集量大幅下降。基于此提出针对性地保护和合理利用野生植物资源的措施,如开展生态教育和推广可持续采集方法等,以保障野生植物资源的可持续利用与当地生态平衡。The aim was to explore the current utilization status of wild plant resources in the four villagers'groups(Yongdui Group,Rineng Group,Bairen Group,and Nilongbao Group)of Yeri Village,Benzilan Town,within the experimental area of Yunnan Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve,in order to provide a strong basis for sustainable utilization and protection.During three time periods in these three years-from October 17th to 18th,2020,November 1st,2021,and October 26th,2022-community interviews on the utilization of wild plant resources were conducted among randomly selected 50 households(one person per household)of the four villagers'groups.Relevant data such as the total annual collection volume of farmers(including Tricholoma matsutake,Cordyceps sinensis,Morchella esculenta,and Fritillaria cirrhosa)were statistically analyzed.Through a combination of one-on-one household interviews and collective interviews,information of the interviewees,species names,collection time and location,collection methods,quantity,used parts,and selling prices of the species were collected.The investigation showed that from^(2)020 to 2022,in terms of the educational attainment of the interviewed collectors,the proportion of those with a bachelor's degree was extremely low,while the proportions of those with primary school education and illiteracy were relatively large.The specific total collection volumes(fresh goods)were as follows:in 2020,there are 3949 kg of Tricholoma matsutake,6041 plants of Cordyceps sinensis,96.5 kg of Morchella esculenta,and 8.4 kg of Fritillaria cirrhosa;in 2021,there are 3056.5 kg of Tricholoma matsutake,6635 plants of Cordyceps sinensis,113.5 kg of Morchella esculenta,and 8.1 kg of Fritillaria cirrhosa;in 2022,there are 3277 kg of Tricholoma matsutake,6720 plants of Cordyceps sinensis,125.5 kg of Morchella esculenta,and 2.2 kg of Fritillaria cirrhosa.In terms of prices,from^(2)020 to 2022,the price of Tricholoma matsutake(fresh goods)fluctuated between 150 and 400 yuan/kg;Cordyceps sinensis remained stable a

关 键 词：云南白马雪山 野生植物资源 利用现况 农户访谈 

分 类 号：Q949.9[生物学—植物学]