不同枝龄落叶松枝内生真菌多样性和群落结构分析  

Analysis of endophytic fungal diversity and community structure in Larix olgensis branches of different branch ages

作　　者：钱莹莹 邓勋 姜奕冰 张瑶[1,2,4] 梁军 宋小双[2,4] QIAN Yingying;DENG Xun;JIANG Yibing;ZHANG Yao;LIANG Jun;SONG Xiaoshuang(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Forest Protection Research Institute,Harbin 150081,Heilongjiang,China;Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest and Grassland Fire and Pest Control,Harbin 150081,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省森林保护研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [3]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [4]黑龙江省森林草原火灾及病虫害防控重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第3期47-58,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1400300);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023C105);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(LKSB2024-9,CZKYF2022-1-B031)。

摘　　要：【目的】落叶松枯梢病严重危害落叶松生长发育,但对健康、患病落叶松内生真菌的群落结构和多样性的研究未见报道。【方法】本研究以不同枝龄健康和患枯梢病落叶松枝(1年生健康枝、2年生健康枝、3年生健康枝、1年生病枝、2年生病枝和3年生病枝)为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术,分析其内生真菌群落结构组成和多样性差异。【结果】落叶松内生真菌信息共注释到5门,24纲,83目,184科,331属。Bradymyces、Lophiotrema、Arthrocatena、德福里斯孢属丰度随着枝龄的增长而增加;Perusta、Endosporium、亚隔孢壳属丰度随着枝龄的增长而降低。健康和患病落叶松枝内生真菌的优势门为子囊菌门和担子菌门。患病后,在纲水平,座囊菌纲、柄锈菌纲、圆盘菌纲和茶渍纲丰度显著降低,粪壳菌纲、银耳纲、伞型束梗孢菌纲丰度显著升高;属水平,Capnobotryella和Perusta丰度显著降低,新壳梭孢属和雪球酵母属丰度显著提高。伴随着菌群变化,植物病原菌和寄生真菌-未定义腐生真菌类群丰度显著增加,植物病原菌-未定义腐生真菌类群丰度显著降低。通过网络分析挖掘出健康落叶松真菌网络的关键种群为Lophiotrema、德福里斯孢属和Arthrocatena,患病落叶松真菌网络的关键种群为维希尼克氏酵母菌属、Papiliotrema、雪球酵母属、Camptophora、新壳梭孢属和Endosporium。病枝中,枯梢病原菌集中于1年生枝。【结论】落叶松枯梢病原菌的侵入改变了植株内生真菌的群落结构,健康组和患病组的内生真菌群落结构差异显著。本研究为防治落叶松枯梢病提供了一定的理论依据。【Objective】Shoot blight of larch caused by Neofusicoccum laricinum is a serious threat to larch growth and development,but studies on the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in healthy and diseased larch have not been reported.【Method】This study analyzed differences in the structural composition and diversity of endophytic fungal communities in healthy and diseased larch branches of different branch ages(one-year healthy,two-year healthy,three-year healthy,one-year diseased,two-year diseased and three-year diseased) using high-throughput sequencing technology.【Result】Information on larch endophytic fungi was categorized to 5 phylums,24 orders,83 orders,184 families,and 331 genera.The abundance of Bradymyces,Lophiotrema,Arthrocatena and Devriesia increased with branching age;the abundance of Perusta,Endosporium and Didymella decreased with branching age.The dominant phyla of endophytic fungi in healthy and diseased larch branches were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.After disease,at the phyla level,the abundance of Dothideomycetes,Pucciniomycetes,Orbiliomycetes and Lecanoromycetes decreased significantly and the abundance of Sordariomycetes,Tremellomycetes and Agaricostilbomycetes increased significantly;at the genera level,the abundance of Capnobotryella and Perusta decreased significantly and the abundance of Neofusicoccum and Chionosphaera increased significantly.The alterations in fungal abundance were accompanied by a considerable increase in the abundance of plant pathogen and fungal parasite-undefined saprotroph fungi,as well as a significant decrease in the abundance of plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph fungi.The key population of the healthy larch fungal network as Lophiotrema,Devriesia and Arthrocatena,and key populations of the diseased larch fungal network are Vishniacozyma,Papiliotrema,Chionosphaera,Camptophora,Neofusicoccum and Endosporium were identified through network analysis.In diseased branches,Neofusicoccum laricinum was concentrated in one-year diseased branches.�

关 键 词：落叶松枯梢病 落叶松 高通量测序 内生真菌 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学]