油桐接穗对砧木生理特性及解剖结构的影响  

Effects of Vernicia fordii scions on physiological characteristics of rootstocks

作　　者：张晓淇 张晓院 刘莹[1] 覃澳 洪展雄 龙洪旭[1] ZHANG Xiaoqi;ZHANG Xiaoyuan;LIU Ying;QIN Ao;HONG Zhanxiong;LONG Hongxu(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Forestry Bureau of De’an County,Jiujiang 330400,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [2]德安县林业局,江西九江330400

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第3期69-77,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目(22A0181);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800580)。

摘　　要：【目的】油桐属大戟科油桐属落叶乔木,是一种具有独特经济价值的树种。目前油桐嫁接相关研究主要集中在嫁接方法、愈合过程等方面,针对油桐嫁接砧穗互作尚无系统深入研究。开展油桐砧木与接穗间相互作用机制的研究,对于科学选择砧穗组合具有重要意义。【方法】以1年生千年桐实生苗为砧木,三年桐和千年桐分别为接穗,采用劈接法进行嫁接,试验做2组处理:处理1为千年桐/千年桐的砧穗组合(VM/VM);处理2为三年桐/千年桐的砧穗组合(VF/VM);以千年桐实生苗做对照组(CK)。【结果】嫁接会提高千年桐砧木的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白以及内源激素含量,且在VM/VM组合中的含量比在VF/VM组合中高。嫁接会提高砧木的SOD酶活性,VM/VM中砧木SOD酶活性比VF/VM高。2组接穗对砧木地上部分的POD酶活性的影响不同,VM/VM中砧木POD酶活性比VF/VM低。2组接穗对千年桐砧木地上部分的CAT酶活性的影响呈现上下波动变化。嫁接使砧木根系的表皮厚度、皮层厚度、根系直径和导管直径增加。嫁接32 d,VF/VM组合千年桐砧木根系的表皮厚度、根系直径和导管直径比VM/VM组合高出38.76%、6.93%和23.79%;VM/VM组合中砧木根系皮层厚度比VF/VM组合高59.95%。【结论】油桐嫁接使砧木的生理指标及根系结构发生变化,千年桐作接穗比三年桐作接穗对千年桐砧木生理指标的变化影响大,三年桐作接穗比千年桐作接穗对千年桐砧木根系结构的影响大。【Objective】Vernicia fordii is a plant of the genus Vernicia in the family Euphorbiaceae.It is a tree species with unique economic value in China.At present,the research on the grafting mainly focuses on the grafting method and healing process,and there is no systematic and in-depth study on the interaction of the grafting anvil stock.The study on the interaction mechanism between rootstock and scion is of great significance for the scientific selection of rootstock combinations.【Method】Using 1-year-old Vernicia montana seedlings as rootstocks and Vernicia fordii and Vernicia montana as scions respectively,the grafting was performed using the cleft grafting method.The experiment consisted of two treatment groups:treatment 1,the rootstock-scion combination of Vernicia montana/Vernicia montana(VM/VM);treatment 2,the rootstock-scion combination of three-year Vernicia fordii/Vernicia montana(VF/VM);with Vernicia fordii seedlings serving as the control group(CK).【Result】Grafting increased the soluble sugars,soluble protein and endogenous hormones of the millennium Vernicia montana stock,and it was higher in the VM/VM combination than in the VF/VM combination.The grafting increased the SOD enzyme activity,which was higher in VM/VM than in VF/VM.The two scions affected different POD enzyme activity in the aboveground part of the rootstock,and the stock POD enzyme activity was lower in VM/VM than in VF/VM.The effect of the two scions on the CAT enzyme activity in the aboveground part of the millennium tung rootstock fluctuated greatly.Grafting increased the epidermal thickness,cortical thickness,root diameter and catheter diameter of the rootstock roots.At Day 32 of grafting,the epidermis thickness,root diameter and catheter diameter of the VF/VM combination were 38.76%,6.93% and 23.79% higher than the VM/VM combination;the root cortex thickness in the VM/VM combination was 59.95% higher than the VF/VM combination.【Conclusion】 Grafting of Vernicia fordii causes changes in the physiological indexes and root

关 键 词：油桐 嫁接 生理特性 根系解剖 

分 类 号：S794.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]